explain xkcd - User contributions [en]

3043: Muons

2025-01-28T19:28:43Z

162.158.10.131: /* Explanation */

{{comic
| number = 3043
| date = January 27, 2025
| title = Muons
| image = muons_2x.png
| imagesize = 284x388px
| noexpand = true
| titletext = Update: I've been banned from the physics department for the way I pronounce "Doppler effect."
}}

==Explanation==
{{incomplete|Created by a MUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUON moving at 99.97% of the speed of light resulting in 45x battery life. Do NOT delete this tag too soon.}}

{{w|Muon|Muons}} are elementary sub-atomic particles, often released in {{w|air shower (physics)|air showers}} from high-energy {{w|cosmic ray}} protons causing nuclear decay in our upper atmosphere. These protons come from all over the universe from various interstellar events and have energies in excess of anything our species has created. Some of the muons created in these collisions are deflected away from us and decay quickly in the upper atmosphere. Other muons retain the high energy of the colliding protons effectively and travel so fast that they emit {{w|Cherenkov radiation}} from outpacing photons in air, which is used to visualize air showers with telescopes. Muons usually decay very quickly, but in part because of time dilation these high-energy muons are able to penetrate deep into the earth densely and are also used as a natural radiation source more powerful than x-rays for internal imaging especially of large opaque structures.

{{w|Time dilation}} is the concept from {{w|special relativity}} where faster moving objects travel through time faster than proportional, resulting in an appearance of it slowing down for them to an observer, as well as an ability to cross greater distances. Because the ‘regular speed’ {{w|Muon|muons}} are moving at a relatively normal speed, Cueball pronounces it properly, but because time slows down for the faster moving muons, Cueball adjusts this, and pronounces it much slower, as if he is being slowed down from talking about them.

Cueball is implying that when he says "muons", he is speaking in the same reference frame as them, with time traveling at the same speed for the listener and for the muon. In the same reference frame, muons decay very quickly. He implies that when he says "muuuoooons" very slowly, that he is now speaking in a reference frame where the muons have time dilated relative to the observer and appear to be aging very very slowly. If a relativistic muon were saying its own name, or if Cueball were in the same reference frame as the muon and the observer were not, (and there were a way to transmit sound at relativistic speeds), then the muon might sound like this, stretched out. This is the kind of reference frame in which muons are detected at the surface. We observe them, and we observe that time is passing slower for them than it is for us.

On average, a stationary muon decays after a bit over two microseconds{{fact}}. While moving at 99.97% of the speed of light, their lifespan (from our perspective) stretches to nearly ninety microseconds. If Cueball speaks at four syllables per second (a typical {{w|Speech tempo|speech tempo}} for English), it will take him about half of a second to name the "muons" created in the upper atmosphere; it will take him more than twenty seconds to name the fast-moving "muuuuuoooons."

The title text references the {{w|Doppler effect}}, the change in frequency of a wave when the observer is moving relative to the source. One common example of this is how the sound of a fast car or airplane starts at a high pitched note but then drops to a low droning noise as it passes the observer. By analogy with the time dilation example, Cueball likely imitates this change in pitch whenever pronouncing the phrase "Doppler effect"; as he has been banned for this we must assume that the first syllable or two were pronounced at an obnoxiously high volume and pitch. Alternatively, he may be stretching out the "p" sound by saying "p-p-p-p", producing a spitting or {{w|Blowing_a_raspberry|"raspberry"}} sound, which would be highly offensive.

==Transcript==
{{incomplete transcript|Do NOT delete this tag too soon.}}
:[Cueball is standing in front of a whiteboard, which contains a diagram depicting a muon passing through the atmosphere, a distance labeled with a cursive letter, the equation for the Lorentz factor, and some illegible text. He's facing away from the whiteboard and holding a pointer that points towards the diagram.]
:Cueball: ''Muons'' created in the upper atmosphere decay immediately, but fast moving ''muuuuuoooons'' are able to reach the surface due to their longer half-lives.

:[Caption below the panel:]
:Physics tip: Remember to adjust your pronunciations to account for time dilation.

{{comic discussion}}

[[Category:Comics featuring Cueball]]
[[Category:Physics]]
[[Category:Tips]]

2609: Entwives

2025-01-25T18:07:17Z

162.158.10.131: /* Explanation */

{{comic
| number = 2609
| date = April 20, 2022
| title = Entwives
| image = entwives.png
| titletext = No, we actually do have a woman who's basically part of our fellowship. She lives in Rivendell, you wouldn't know her.
}}
*The comic is a link to a YouTube [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mt2qCjL6-n4 video].

==Explanation==
In {{w|The Lord of the Rings}}, the {{w|Ent|Ents}} are a species of tree-like humanoids, such as the one depicted in this comic. The comic shows an Ent, presumably {{w|Treebeard}}, meeting with some of the nine from the {{w|Fellowship_of_the_Ring_(characters)|Fellowship of the Ring}}.

Part of the backstory of the Ents is that all the females of their species (the Entwives that this comic is named for) had disappeared thousands of years before during {{w|Sauron}}'s war of the {{w|History_of_Arda#Second_Age|second age}}. The Ents and the Entwives lived in separate locations, and eventually, when the Ents went to visit the Entwives, the latter were seemingly nowhere to be found. The Ents have been searching for their lost mates ever since. The loneliness of the Ents' all-male society is considered a great tragedy in their culture. It is several thousand years ago in the time of the Lord of the Rings trilogy, and the Ents have all but forgotten how the Entwives even looked. They live for many thousands of years.

This comic uses that backstory to satirically comment on the extreme gender imbalance of the protagonists of Lord of the Rings; when presented with the all-male Fellowship, the Ent assumes that they must come from a race afflicted by a similar tragedy. In a broader sense, this can be read as a commentary on how few female characters there are in the trilogy overall. In reality, the general lore presents, or at least mentions, the existence of at least multiple (if not numerous) female characters of almost all races that make up the fellowship (dwarf, man, elf, hobbit), and does not suggest that what happened with the Ents and their Entwives happened to any other race.

The clickable link on the image leads to the satirical video ''[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mt2qCjL6-n4 Lord of the Rings Trilogy but it's EVERY scene where two female characters interact]''. The creator claims that this shows all the scenes from the trilogy where two female characters interact (but later admits in the Youtube comments that there are indeed a few more). There is only one 3 second long scene, which only emphasizes how few female characters there are in the trilogy. The inclusion of this clip may be a reference to the {{w|Bechdel test}}, a baseline indicator of the representation of women in a piece of media that requires two women to have a conversation about something other than a man. Whether this three-and-a-half-word exchange is sufficient to pass the test is debatable. Later versions of the test suggest that the two women should be named (i.e. not just two incidental characters that have very few lines), whereas this scene is between {{w|Éowyn}} and an unnamed girl. There is debate as to if there are other scenes with women speaking with women, and if we are only talking about human women, or if other races females would also count. There are at least three important female characters, but they do not meet/speak much if at all. But they have several scenes where they talk, even a long monologue... But if they speak to someone it is male characters.

The title text most likely refers to the character of {{w|Arwen}}, an elf woman and, later, wife of Aragorn; while somewhat important to the story, she is nowhere near as significant as the males of the Fellowship, despite being used more prominently in the movies than in the books. Even if she were part of the Fellowship, a single important woman wouldn't counterbalance the heavily male-centric storytelling.

The way that the title text is phrased is a reference to the proverbial (and implicitly imaginary) "{{tvtropes|GirlfriendInCanada|Girlfriend in Canada}}," a trope in which a single American character claims to have a girlfriend that their friends wouldn't know "because she lives in Canada" (or some other sufficient separation such as "goes to another school"), when in reality the reason that nobody else has met her is because she doesn't exist (with an implication that the character is a {{w|closeted}} gay, an {{w|incel}}, or just lying to make himself look better). {{w|Canada}} is one of only two countries with which the United States has land borders, making it a potentially plausible place for some American's long-distance girlfriend to live, and presumably the Fellowship consider the Elf kingdom of {{w|Rivendell}} to be sufficiently distant to allow the Ent to accept the plausibility of the statement without any further delving into potentially awkward details.

==Trivia==
The comic depicts three {{w|hobbits}} (within frame) meeting the Ents. This is canonically inaccurate to the events of the novels: during the Ents' interactions with the Fellowship, two of the four hobbits ({{w|Frodo Baggins|Frodo}} and {{w|Samwise Gamgee|Sam}}) were elsewhere in {{w|Middle Earth}}, so it was only {{w|Merry Brandybuck|Merry}} and {{w|Pippin Took|Pippin}} who met the ents.

==Transcript==
:[A large treelike person (an Ent, maybe Treebeard) is holding one of his arms out towards six characters that are all looking at him. A man (Aragorn) with beard stubble and long hair, a dwarf (Gimli) with a helmet and a very large beard, an elf (Legolas) with long blonde hair (holding a bow down), and three short persons, hobbits, two with dark hair, and the middle one with blonde hair.]
:Ent: Alas, there are no Ent women. The Entwives all vanished in the second age, during Sauron's war.
:Aragorn: I'm so sorry.
:Ent: And what about you all? Same story, I assume?
:Aragorn: Huh? No, what do you mean?

{{comic discussion}}

[[Category:LOTR]]

Talk:3038: Uncanceled Units

2025-01-15T14:58:59Z

162.158.10.131: "Speed limit" is c, not 56.75mph

DUDE I'M STILL IN SCHOOL RN, WHAT?
(also, the joke is that energy is power*time, so kWh is kJ/s... in an hour [[User:CalibansCreations|'''Caliban''']] ([[User talk:CalibansCreations|talk]]) 13:27, 15 January 2025 (UTC)

I guess not every comic can be a winner. Talking about an appliance using a certain amount of kWH per day is clear and normal. Power gets billed by the kWh, not the Joule. While technically not wrong, wanting "cancel" a sub-part of the commonly-used energy unit kWh and leaving it in deliberately-obscured units most people are less familiar with is the sort of insanity I'd more expect from White Hat than Cueball. [[Special:Contributions/172.70.35.171|172.70.35.171]] 13:39, 15 January 2025 (UTC)
:Maybe that is a meta-joke? To frame kWh/day as something crazy by giving that line to whitehat --[[User:Lupo|Lupo]] ([[User talk:Lupo|talk]]) 13:52, 15 January 2025 (UTC)
:There's a difference between instantaneous power draw, and the total "volume"(/area, really) of power over time. Though a fridge is "always on", it is still only irregularly at full-draw. But, to the power company (or to the gas company, who will generally give a kWh measure of 'energy taken from the network'), they don't (generally) care whether you used twice as many kW over half the time or half as many over twice the time, within any given total billing period, even if it affects what you think. [[Special:Contributions/172.70.163.46|172.70.163.46]] 14:39, 15 January 2025 (UTC)
::Using joule as if it was an everyday unit of energy would be weird but I don't agree that watt is crazy. It's a normal unit of energy consumption that does mean something to people, e.g. 1000W microwave, 100W (incandescent) light bulb. Don't get me wrong kWh/day is also useful to translate it to your energy bill, but I do feel slightly uncomfortable every time I see that time divided by time :-) [[User:Mtcv|Mtcv]] ([[User talk:Mtcv|talk]]) 14:40, 15 January 2025 (UTC)

This is especially funny with US units. My car needs about 5l/100km, or 0.05mm². Now I am wondering how many ft^(-2) my car does... --[[User:Lupo|Lupo]] ([[User talk:Lupo|talk]]) 13:49, 15 January 2025 (UTC)

fridge [[Special:Contributions/172.70.126.147|172.70.126.147]] 14:22, 15 January 2025 (UTC)

The late [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_J._C._MacKay Sir David MacKay] wrote an excellent book, [http://www.withouthotair.com/ Sustainable Energy – without the hot air] (which is available free online).
On [http://www.withouthotair.com/c2/page_24.shtml this page] he talks about the units he uses in the book: kWh for energy ("one unit") and kWh/day for power - becuase it's simple for lay-people to understand - how many units does this appliance use per day.
It's a good book if any of you are interested in sustainable energy (although it was written in 2008, so some bits might be out of date by now) {{unsigned ip|172.70.85.33|14:33, 15 January 2025}}

I don't think c arcminutes^2 per steradian is equal to 56.75 mph. I think it's equal to c. So it's like the t-shirts that say "186000 miles/second: it's the law" or whatever. But I'm not very confident of this because I still don't totally get the "radians are dimensionless" thing. [[Special:Contributions/162.158.10.131|162.158.10.131]] 14:58, 15 January 2025 (UTC)

3037: Radon

2025-01-14T05:47:19Z

162.158.10.131: add cats

{{comic
| number = 3037
| date = January 13, 2025
| title = Radon
| image = radon_2x.png
| imagesize = 740x291px
| noexpand = true
| titletext = A good ²³⁸Umbrella policy should cover it.
}}

==Explanation==
{{incomplete|Created by a PLANET INSURANCE SALESMAN - Please change this comment when editing this page. Do NOT delete this tag too soon.}}
In this comic, [[Ponytail]] approaches [[Cueball]] about the concentration of {{w|radon}} in his basement. This refers to a common phenomenon where the levels of radon gases can build up in enclosed spaces over time; they form out of traces of {{w|uranium}} embedded in the surrounding bedrock/soils of most basements, and in the silicate minerals used in the concrete of the foundation. This uranium (over time, and in most cases via the midpoint of thorium) releases radon as a gas whilst experiencing alpha decay, although the time in which this occurs is noticeably long. Uranium-238, the isotope mentioned in the title text, has a half-life of 4.5 billion years, which is about the age of the Earth. Over the whole Earth, roughly 2.8 ppm of the planet is made of uranium<ref>https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/mining-of-uranium/uranium-mining-overview</ref>; this is about 0.00028% of the planet, which weighs about 5.9722*10^24 kilograms<ref>https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/factsheet/earthfact.html</ref>. Even so, if uranium existed in the Earth's crust alone - about 1% of the Earth's total mass itself - this would imply that there is  1.672216*10^19 kilograms of uranium across the entire planet. Thus, radon gas is not ''that'' uncommon a phenomenon, and {{w|Radon mitigation|radon mitigation}} techniques are frequently employed to keep the air safe and breathable. Basements, in particular, are known to accumulate radon gas if they are kept sealed over long enough time; that is, the windows and doors are closed. Small cracks in the house's foundation may allow some radon gas to seep inside, which can be cleared if the basement is properly ventilated. Radon is denser than air, but its concentrations are higher in the basement than elsewhere in a building because of the combination of its being generated more there, and the relatively poor air circulation usual in basements. Radon mixes completely with air, and does not "settle out". Undisturbed, the concentration of radon reaches a steady state in a given area, between accumulation from being generated, and removal by air circulation and by radioactive decay.

The actual amount of uranium experienced in any given environment, according to [https://xkcd.com/radiation/ Randall's own chart], is 10 microsieverts worth of radiation, on average, over a year; the amount in one's body, in contrast, is about 390 microsievert over that same timeframe, again on average. The lowest dose linked to any serious risk is in the millisievert range, over thousands of times ''stronger'' than any of these sources. The radon buildup in Cueball's house is not of concern, as long as it is properly managed in time.

In the comic Cueball is getting his house inspected; this is common in preparation for selling the home. Inspector Ponytail finds an excessive level of radon in the basement. Often when problems are found in a home, it's due to the age of the building, since technology has improved over time and building codes have added requirements in parallel.

But rather than inquire about the age of the home, Ponytail asks about the age of the planet on which it was built. The answer would be the same for all houses on Earth.{{cn}} Apparently she's an interplanetary inspector, testing properties on many different planets with different levels of radon - maybe even different solar systems, since most planets in a system form within a few million years of each other. Earth's age of 4.5 billion years is about the same as the half-life of U-238, so radon levels are high because much of the original uranium is still in the process of decaying.

The sun found in our solar system is an example of a G-type main-sequence star, also known as a yellow dwarf. In 4 to 7 billion years, the Sun's outer layers will expand, turning it into a red giant. This process will render the Earth uninhabitable for humans within approximately 5 billion years.

The title text for this comic mentions {{w|Umbrella insurance}}, which is what insurance companies in the United States pay when the payment extends over their own policies. It makes a joke with the isotope representation of Uranium-238 being 238U, and is something that Cueball might need to consult with after handling the issue of radon gas in his home; most states in the United States, for instance, require property disclosure forms to be filled out if radon levels surpass a certain threshold<ref>https://www.eli.org/sites/default/files/files-pdf/Final%202022%20Radon_0.pdf</ref>.

==Transcript==
{{incomplete transcript|Do NOT delete this tag too soon.}}

:[Cueball is on the left, and is approached by Ponytail, who is reading a Geiger counter in her hand and is holding a toolbox in her other hand.]
:Ponytail: Radon levels in your basement are pretty high.
:Ponytail: When was the planet under this home built?

:[Ponytail stops walking and lowers the Geiger counter]
:Cueball: Uhh, about 4½ billion years ago, I think?
:Ponytail: Oof. I was afraid of that.

:[A frameless panel]
:Ponytail: This planet was contaminated with uranium when it formed. You really should have let it fully decay before building.
:Ponytail: Wait another 100 billion years and these rocks will be fine.

:[Zoom in on Cueball's head]
:Cueball: But the Sun will burn out in 5 billion years.
:Ponytail (off-panel): Yikes, you built around a short-lived yellow star? What a mess.
:Ponytail (off-panel): Hope you have good insurance.

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{comic discussion}}

[[Category:Comics featuring Cueball]]
[[Category:Comics featuring Ponytail]]
[[Category:Physics]]
[[Category:Chemistry]]
[[Category:Geology]]
[[Category:Astronomy]]

Talk:3033: Origami Black Hole

2025-01-03T20:14:24Z

162.158.10.131:

First post! [[User:RadiantRainwing|RadiantRainwing]] ([[User talk:RadiantRainwing|talk]]) 19:08, 3 January 2025 (UTC)

All six gross attempts to follow these instructions have ended with the attemptor vanishing into themselves before reaching step 175.[[Special:Contributions/172.70.47.105|172.70.47.105]] 19:17, 3 January 2025 (UTC)

e[[Special:Contributions/162.158.10.131|162.158.10.131]] 20:14, 3 January 2025 (UTC)

3031: Time Capsule Instructions

2024-12-31T06:12:06Z

162.158.10.131: /* Explanation */

{{comic
| number = 3031
| date = December 30, 2024
| title = Time Capsule Instructions
| image = time_capsule_instructions_2x.png
| imagesize = 692x235px
| noexpand = true
| titletext = Inside is a third box, labeled DO NOT OPEN UNLESS YOU ARE IN THE TIME ZONE WHERE YOU OPENED BOTH PREVIOUS BOXES.
}}

==Explanation==
{{incomplete|Created by an ANNUAL TIME CAPSULE SUBSCRIPTION - Please change this comment when editing this page. Do NOT delete this tag too soon. Do NOT delete this tag too late either.}}
The instructions for opening the first box preclude opening the second... at least without inventing a time machine / changing calendars.

The title text addressed the only way one can open the first two boxes without ignoring the instructions: by crossing time zones. When more eastern locations have become the 1st of January 2025, it will (for a short while) is still be the 31st of December 2024 in more western places, meaning that theoretically someone could open the first box in a time zone where it is 2025 and then travel to one in which it is still 2024 to open the second box. However, the title text implies that if you take advantage of this loophole, you will not be allowed to open the third box as it requires that you have not made any such move.

Depending on interpretation, you could defeat the third box by placing it inside two time zones at once before opening it, as there is no time limit on the third box. This works if the instruction on the box is read as "unless you are in the time zone where you opened the first box, and you are in the time zone where you opened the second box". However, this new loophole could be patched by interpreting the third box as "unless you are in the ''one'' time zone where...". Another possible solution would be for both the box and the person opening it to be on the boundary between two time zones, half in each. Yet another possible solution would be to change the calendar used as point of reference: {{w|Calendar_era|many calendars}} use a lower year than the Gregorian calendar.

Depending on how one interprets the nature of Daylight Saving Time, there may be another solution. In Australia, {{w|Northern Territory}} and {{w|South Australia}} are in the same time zone (by the most common interpretation of the word) and border each other, but only the latter uses Daylight Saving Time; similarly, {{w|Queensland}} does not use Daylight Saving Time but is in the same time zone (by the most common interpretation of the word) as multiple Australian territories that do use Daylight Saving Time, including {{w|New South Wales}}, with which Queensland shares a border. This suggests the idea of opening the first box in South Australia or New South Wales then taking it north of the (horizontal) DST boundary without crossing any (vertical) time zone boundaries; one will then have up to an hour to open the second box and then as long as one wants to open the third box. However, Randall [[:Category:Daylight saving time|has historically expressed opposition to Daylight Saving Time]], so he might not count the first opening as occurring in 2025 if that year has already started only by virtue of Daylight Saving Time. Of course, one could just disregard the words on the boxes (or at least Randall's interpretation of them); there is probably not some kind of [[242: The Difference|magical enforcement mechanism]].

==Transcript==
{{incomplete transcript|Do NOT delete this tag too soon.}}
:[A frame with a Time Capsule sign. Cueball and Megan are clinking wine glasses. Ponytail is digging with a shovel.]
:Off-panel sound: Happy New Year!

:[A frame showing a worn-out box labeled "DO NOT OPEN UNTIL 2025"]

:[A frame where Ponytail opens the box while Cueball and Megan watch.]
:Click

:[The box is revealed to contain a second box labeled "DO NOT OPEN AFTER 2024"]

{{comic discussion}}

[[Category:Comics featuring Cueball]]
[[Category:Comics featuring Megan]]
[[Category:Comics featuring Ponytail]]
[[Category:New Year]]
[[Category:Time]]

3029: Sun Avoidance

2024-12-26T01:04:20Z

162.158.10.131: /* Explanation */

{{comic
| number = 3029
| date = December 25, 2024
| title = Sun Avoidance
| image = sun_avoidance_2x.png
| imagesize = 311x403px
| noexpand = true
| titletext = C'mon, ESA Solar Orbiter team, just give the Parker probe a LITTLE nudge at aphelion. Crash it into the sun. Fulfill the dream of Icarus. It is your destiny.
}}

==Explanation==
{{incomplete|Created by a BOT - Please change this comment when editing this page. Do NOT delete this tag too soon.}}
Most space probes try not to get too close to the Sun, because it's extremely hot{{cn}} and their equipment (especially the electronics) are not designed to work at such temperatures. If they have to venture into the inner Solar System, either because the mission is to a planet or other body there or to use {{w|gravity assist}} of Mercury or Venus, mission planners will plan the trajectory so it remains tens of millions of kilometers away from the sun.

This comic was posted the day after December 24, 2024, when the {{w|Parker Solar Probe}} made its closest approach to the Sun.

==Transcript==
{{incomplete transcript|Do NOT delete this tag too soon.}}

:[A table with an ellipsis indicating a large number of rows being omitted, followed by seven substantive rows. All of the rank numbers except "1." are cut off at the left, with the leftmost digit being a partially cut-off "4", except that on the fourth substantive row, the "4" is shown in full with a cut-off "2" to its left. Hence, these ranks actually represent numbers with at least eight digits.]
:{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Rank
!Mission
!Sun Nearest Miss
|-
|1. . . . ... . . . 4303857.
|colspan="2"|[All other expeditions in human history]
|-
|4303858.
|Mariner-10
|69.0 million km
|-
|4303859.
|Helios 1
|46.4 million km
|-
|4303860.
|BepiColombo
|45.8 million km
|-
|24303861.
|Messenger
|45.3 million km
|-
|}

{{comic discussion}}

[[Category:Space probes]]

3029: Sun Avoidance

2024-12-26T01:03:22Z

162.158.10.131: /* Transcript */

{{comic
| number = 3029
| date = December 25, 2024
| title = Sun Avoidance
| image = sun_avoidance_2x.png
| imagesize = 311x403px
| noexpand = true
| titletext = C'mon, ESA Solar Orbiter team, just give the Parker probe a LITTLE nudge at aphelion. Crash it into the sun. Fulfill the dream of Icarus. It is your destiny.
}}

==Explanation==
{{incomplete|Created by a BOT - Please change this comment when editing this page. Do NOT delete this tag too soon.}}
Most space probes try not to get too close to the Sun, because it's extremely hot{{cn}} and their equipment (especially the electronics) are not designed to work at such temperatures. If they have to venture into the inner Solar System, either because the mission is to a planet or other body there or to use {{w|gravity assist}} of Mercury or Venus, mission planners will plan the trajectory so it 10's of millions of kilometers away.

This comic was posted the day after December 24, 2024, when the {{w|Parker Solar Probe}} made it closest approach to the Sun.

==Transcript==
{{incomplete transcript|Do NOT delete this tag too soon.}}

:[A table with an ellipsis indicating a large number of rows being omitted, followed by seven substantive rows. All of the rank numbers except "1." are cut off at the left, with the leftmost digit being a partially cut-off "4", except that on the fourth substantive row, the "4" is shown in full with a cut-off "2" to its left. Hence, these ranks actually represent numbers with at least eight digits.]
:{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Rank
!Mission
!Sun Nearest Miss
|-
|1. . . . ... . . . 4303857.
|colspan="2"|[All other expeditions in human history]
|-
|4303858.
|Mariner-10
|69.0 million km
|-
|4303859.
|Helios 1
|46.4 million km
|-
|4303860.
|BepiColombo
|45.8 million km
|-
|24303861.
|Messenger
|45.3 million km
|-
|}

{{comic discussion}}

[[Category:Space probes]]