https://www.explainxkcd.com/wiki/api.php?action=feedcontributions&user=141.101.98.166&feedformat=atomexplain xkcd - User contributions [en]2024-03-28T15:46:42ZUser contributionsMediaWiki 1.30.0https://www.explainxkcd.com/wiki/index.php?title=2123:_Meta_Collecting&diff=3197652123: Meta Collecting2023-07-27T13:15:36Z<p>141.101.98.166: </p>
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<div>{{comic<br />
| number = 2123<br />
| date = March 13, 2019<br />
| title = Meta Collecting<br />
| image = meta_collecting.png<br />
| titletext = I'm trying to get the page locked because some jerk keeps adding "Yachts".<br />
}}<br />
<br />
==Explanation==<br />
<br />
This is another comic in the "[[:Category:My Hobby|My Hobby]]" series.<br />
<br />
Many people's hobbies involve {{w|collecting}} many items of the same category: Post stamps, collectible cards, painted dolls, wine, and so on. Just about anything can be collected, however, some things are collected much more often than others. Wikipedia has a page listing the most popular categories of such {{w|collectible}} items.<br />
<br />
In Randall's usual style of going meta with everything, he decided to start a meta-collection—a collection of examples of different things that people can collect. He uses Wikipedia's {{w|list of collectibles}} for reference. In the comic, [[Cueball]] is showing to his friend his collection of various items that have nothing in common except that they're all popular collectibles. So while most people try to collect everything in one narrow category of collectibles, Cueball's collection will only be complete if he can get one item from each of the list of collectible items as cataloged by Wikipedia's list, so he has a collection of representative elements from all collections.<br />
<br />
In the title text, Randall complains about a Wikipedia editor who keeps adding {{w|yacht}}s to the list of collectibles, probably because it would force him to buy a yacht if he ever wanted to complete his collection of collectibles. Yachts are traditionally considered immensely expensive and the vast majority of people own zero yachts, let alone a collection of them.{{Citation needed}} Note that Randall does not specify how he is trying to get the page locked, and the comic itself might be a rather meta way of doing so: xkcd fans have a history of making lots of edits to Wikipedia articles Randall mentions, resulting in them being protected or locked. The article has in fact been edited and reverted about 50 times by these fans over the course of a single day and was {{w|special:redirect/logid/97716186|temporarily protected}} on March 14th, 2019, which expired three days later. The first addition of Yachts to this page was by a user named {{w|Special:Contributions/Xkcd2123|Xkcd2123}}, but it is unlikely that this user is Randall.<br />
<br />
===List of Items on the Shelf===<br />
Items are numbered on each shelf from left.<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
!Item Location<br />
!Description<br />
|-<br />
|Top Shelf, First Item<br />
|Possibly an Urn or cookie jar.<br />
|-<br />
|Top Shelf, Second Item<br />
|Possibly a candle<br />
|-<br />
|Top Shelf, Third Item<br />
|Model Boat<br />
|-<br />
|Middle Shelf, First Item<br />
|Possibly a book<br />
|-<br />
|Middle Shelf, Second Item<br />
|Rock or tooth<br />
|-<br />
|Middle Shelf, Third Item<br />
|Compact disc in case<br />
|-<br />
|Middle Shelf, Fourth Item<br />
|A record, probably vinyl but could possibly be shellac as shellac "78s" are popular collectors items.<br />
|-<br />
|Middle Shelf, Fifth Item<br />
|Possibly a card<br />
|-<br />
|Middle Shelf, Sixth Item<br />
|Possibly a pin-back button<br />
|-<br />
|Bottom Shelf, First Item<br />
|Humanoid Figurine or Action Figure<br />
|-<br />
|Bottom Shelf, Second Item<br />
|Martini Glass<br />
|-<br />
|Bottom Shelf, Third Item<br />
|Teapot<br />
|-<br />
|Bottom Shelf, Fourth Item<br />
|Salt/Pepper shaker or Chess Piece<br />
|-<br />
|Bottom Shelf, Fifth Item<br />
|Sickle<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Transcript==<br />
<br />
:[The comic depicts Cueball reading from a list to White Hat, standing next to a case filled with collectables including an urn, a model ship, a compact disc, a vinyl record, a doll or figurine, a martini glass, and a teapot.]<br />
:Today we're looking for a lunchbox, a snow globe, a Maytag dryer, a Harley Davidson, and a stamp.<br />
<br />
:[Caption below the frame:]<br />
:My hobby: Collecting one item from every category listed on Wikipedia's "List of collectables."<br />
<br />
==Trivia==<br />
<br />
As of 13 March 2019 at 6:44 PM ET, there ''was'' a debate on the Wikipedia [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:List_of_collectables#May_consider_a_temporary_editing_protection talk] tab about locking this page.<br />
This has now been upheld, and the page was temporarily locked.<br />
<br />
As of 25 May 2019 at 10:25 PM ET, the page was unlocked and yachts were back on the list.<br />
<br />
A previous comic, [[739: Malamanteau]], also caused a similar situation on Wikipedia, with many xkcd fans attempting to create the fictional page. The page has been turned into a redirect to the Wikipedia page for xkcd.<br />
<br />
{{comic discussion}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:My Hobby]]<br />
[[Category:Comics featuring Cueball]]<br />
[[Category:Comics featuring White Hat]]<br />
[[Category:Wikipedia]]</div>141.101.98.166https://www.explainxkcd.com/wiki/index.php?title=Talk:2278:_Scientific_Briefing&diff=188403Talk:2278: Scientific Briefing2020-03-10T14:53:58Z<p>141.101.98.166: </p>
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<div><!--Please sign your posts with ~~~~ and don't delete this text. New comments should be added at the bottom.--><br />
Reference to COVID-19?<br />
[[Special:Contributions/172.69.70.173|172.69.70.173]] 20:42, 9 March 2020 (UTC)<br />
:Seems closer to global warming to me. [[User:LegionMammal978|LegionMammal978]] ([[User talk:LegionMammal978|talk]]) 21:01, 9 March 2020 (UTC)<br />
::Given the title text, it could plausibly be about either of those, or just about anything else (ocean acidification, deforestation, wireless spectrum congestion...) --[[User:NotaBene|NotaBene]] ([[User talk:NotaBene|talk]]) 21:25, 9 March 2020 (UTC)<br />
::: Or at least, like, half of them. -- [[User:KarMann|KarMann]] ([[User talk:KarMann|talk]]) 21:29, 9 March 2020 (UTC)<br />
::::I read it as an analysis of actionable analytics... <br />
::::[[User:ProphetZarquon|ProphetZarquon]] ([[User talk:ProphetZarquon|talk]]) 22:10, 9 March 2020 (UTC)<br />
::::Not half of them, the other way around. Half of topics can be described by same graphs. This group of topics include global climate change, ocean acidification, deforestation, wireless spectrum congestion, IPv4 address exhaustion, COVID-19 and many others. -- [[User:Hkmaly|Hkmaly]] ([[User talk:Hkmaly|talk]]) 23:22, 9 March 2020 (UTC)<br />
:::::Well, yeah, still half of them, right? [[Special:Contributions/162.158.106.132|162.158.106.132]] 14:22, 10 March 2020 (UTC)<br />
<br />
I've heard that President Trump feels that the coronavirus will "blow over." <small> -- [[User:172.69.63.143|172.69.63.143]] ([[User talk:172.69.63.143|talk]]) 22:22, 9 March 2020 <span style="color:grey; white-space:nowrap;">''(please sign your comments with <nowiki>~~</nowiki>~~)''</span></small><br />
:So how about going to the winchester, have a nice cold pint and wait for that? --[[User:Lupo|Lupo]] ([[User talk:Lupo|talk]]) 08:04, 10 March 2020 (UTC)<br />
<br />
Randall really missed a chance to talk about things going "from bad to worse." [[User:JohnHawkinson|JohnHawkinson]] ([[User talk:JohnHawkinson|talk]]) 23:20, 9 March 2020 (UTC)<br />
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No no it's about rising extremism wait no no no it's fresh water demand as a percentage of supply wait no no its Niagra falls going through a straw <small> -- [[User:162.158.62.105|162.158.62.105]] ([[User talk:162.158.62.105|talk]]) 00:59, 10 March 2020 <span style="color:grey; white-space:nowrap;">''(please sign your comments with <nowiki>~~</nowiki>~~)''</span></small><br />
<br />
"or perhaps Things Which Need Explaining." - I'm not sure the book, or any of the things described therein aren't bad yet but are getting worse and will be bad if nobody does anything: though maybe my copy is slowly going critical and I've just never noticed... <br />
--[[Special:Contributions/162.158.155.86|162.158.155.86]] 07:33, 10 March 2020 (UTC)<br />
: I meant it in the sense that maybe the quantity of Things Which Need Explaining is increasing faster than Things Are Being Explained. --[[User:NotaBene|NotaBene]] ([[User talk:NotaBene|talk]]) 13:05, 10 March 2020 (UTC)<br />
<br />
This is basically a comic about The Tragedy of the Commons.[[Special:Contributions/172.68.206.124|172.68.206.124]] 08:31, 10 March 2020 (UTC)<br />
<br />
It's obviously a graph of how much expert advice is being ignored on serious issues. [[Special:Contributions/141.101.98.166|141.101.98.166]] 14:53, 10 March 2020 (UTC)</div>141.101.98.166https://www.explainxkcd.com/wiki/index.php?title=Talk:2270:_Picking_Bad_Stocks&diff=187545Talk:2270: Picking Bad Stocks2020-02-20T10:35:18Z<p>141.101.98.166: </p>
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<div><!--Please sign your posts with ~~~~ and don't delete this text. New comments should be added at the bottom.--><br />
clearly nobody told Randall about shorting stocks [[Special:Contributions/162.158.18.160|162.158.18.160]] 20:57, 19 February 2020 (UTC)<br />
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I was going to say that [[User:Arachrah|Arachrah]] ([[User talk:Arachrah|talk]]) 09:29, 20 February 2020 (UTC)<br />
<br />
Can someone create a "stock market" category, or "economics"? There are a lot of comics referencing this. [[Special:Contributions/172.69.33.89|172.69.33.89]] 23:21, 19 February 2020 (UTC)<br />
:You can start by listing these comics here, someone will pick them up to create the category.[[Special:Contributions/141.101.98.166|141.101.98.166]] 10:35, 20 February 2020 (UTC)</div>141.101.98.166https://www.explainxkcd.com/wiki/index.php?title=2270:_Picking_Bad_Stocks&diff=1875442270: Picking Bad Stocks2020-02-20T10:33:26Z<p>141.101.98.166: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{comic<br />
| number = 2270<br />
| date = February 19, 2020<br />
| title = Picking Bad Stocks<br />
| image = picking_bad_stocks.png<br />
| titletext = On the news a few days later: "Buzz is building around the so-called 'camping Roomba' after a big investment. Preorders have spiked, and..."<br />
}}<br />
<br />
==Explanation==<br />
{{incomplete|Created by a CAMPING ROOMBA. Please mention here why this explanation isn't complete. Do NOT delete this tag too soon.}}<br />
<br />
[[Cueball]] and [[Ponytail]] are discussing the stock market. Ponytail explains that there has been no reliable way to consistently pick stocks that outperform the market average. She also states that there could be a corollary to that; there is no way to consistently pick bad stocks (presumably for this discussion, ''bad stocks'' refers to stocks whose value is expected to go down). Cueball states that he could consistently pick bad stocks, and the last panel shows him at a trading terminal purportedly buying bad stocks, while [[White Hat]] and [[Megan]] use his bad stock picks as indications that those stocks should be removed from whatever stock index they manage.<br />
<br />
Generally, people invest in the stock market hoping to make money. They buy stock in companies whose value they expect will increase, and sell stock when they feel its value is about to stop increasing or start decreasing. Someone who could tell whether a stock's price will rise or fall in a given time interval could make a lot of money, but this is an infamously difficult problem. Some investors use {{w|fundamental analysis}}, that is, they attempt to understand companies based on their financial statements and market position to identify which stocks are likely to become more or less valuable over time, while others use {{w|technical analysis}} which seeks to identify patterns in the stock prices themselves. Technical analysis was featured in [[2101: Technical Analysis|comic 2101]]. However, while the rise and fall of stock prices are sometimes connected to real events (strong or weak profit statements, new product announcements, major scandals), they often exhibit random-walk behavior, and many studies have shown that an index of randomly-selected stocks (often colloquially stated as "picked by a monkey") beats not only the market's performance as a whole, but also portfolios chosen by experts.<br />
<br />
Realistically, in investing, someone who purposely trades in ''bad stocks'' is called a '''short seller''', and someone who could consistently pick ''bad stock'' could make a lot of money in the stock market. Short selling consists of selling a stock before you own it, with the anticipation that the stock's price will drop soon, and you can later purchase the stock to fulfill the sale. The difference between the selling price and the purchase price is your profit, just as with any normal ("long") purchase and sale. However, in US stock markets, it is illegal to sell stocks that you don't own, so when you short a stock, you need to borrow that stock from a third party (possibly the trading firm you're working with, or some other firm that the trading firm has a stock loan relationship with, that currently holds a position in the stock you're shorting) to cover the sale. This is all done automatically by the trading platform you use. Between the time you sell the stock until the time you repurchase the stock on the open market, you will have what's called a '''short position''' on the stock, and you need to pay interest to the company that lent you that stock. Because of the interest payments, short sales are almost always short-term positions, as the interest paid on the loan can quickly exceed any profit you might make on the sale. {{w|Gary Shilling|A. Gary Shilling}}, a financial analyst, famously remarked that "[https://quoteinvestigator.com/2011/08/09/remain-solvent/ markets can remain irrational a lot longer than you and I can remain solvent.]"<br />
<br />
Cueball's statement about wanting revenge on a ghost may be a reference to [[2259: Networking Problems]], in which Cueball was driven insane trying to debug network problems and came to believe in ghosts. Perhaps the CEO of company #208 has had a similar experience with a network.<br />
<br />
If Cueball's statement that a company is developing a "camping {{w|Roomba}}" is correctly attributing the trademark (as opposed to genericizing it to refer to any small cleaning robot), then presumably company #1434 is {{w|iRobot}}. While a Roomba for camping may sound like a ridiculous concept that is not likely to make much money, developing a robot that can navigate and move around natural environments would be a major advancement leading to new opportunities for both their civilian and military product lines. A campground offers a more challenging environment than indoors, while being slightly more controlled than a truly wild area, making for a good development step. Dropping iRobot from this company's index is probably not a move that would be suggested by a stock broker who is earnestly trying to make money. In the title-text, it seems that perhaps Cueball's investment advice was actually taken seriously (perhaps his trading terminal was accidentally connected to the market), which caused consumers to take the camping Roomba more seriously and make it (and iRobot) more successful than if Cueball had done nothing.<br />
<br />
==Transcript==<br />
{{incomplete transcript|Do NOT delete this tag too soon.}}<br />
<br />
[Cueball and Ponytail are walking together.]<br />
:Cueball: I feel like by now I should know about the stock market.<br />
:Cueball: What ''is'' investing? Do you just open a website and pick the companies you like?<br />
<br />
[Ponytail holds out her hand palm-up.]<br />
:Ponytail: Well, you totally can.<br />
:Ponytail: But there's a lot of evidence that no investing strategy consistently picks stocks that outperform the average of the whole market. A lot of fund management is a myth.<br />
<br />
[Close-up on Ponytail, who has turned to Cueball.]<br />
:Cueball: Huh, okay.<br />
:Ponytail: But there's a weird corollary to that idea: it implies that, ignoring fees and stuff, it's just as hard to consistently ''lose'' money by picking ''bad'' stocks from an index.<br />
<br />
[Cueball and Ponytail are both back in frame. They are standing still and facing each other.]<br />
:Ponytail: If someone could consistently buy bad stocks, you could beat the average by hiring them, letting them pretend to invest, then buying every stock ''except'' the ones they pick.<br />
:Ponytail: In a way, bad judgement is just as helpful as good judgement.<br />
<br />
[Cueball pumps his fists with excitement.]<br />
:Cueball: Oh my God.<br />
:Cueball: I can do that!<br />
:Ponytail: No, it's just an example--<br />
:Cueball: This is the job I was born for.<br />
<br />
[Cueball is either sitting in a box or being viewed on a camera screen. He is sitting in front of a computer console, and a camera is pointed at him. Megan and White Hat are viewing him, and White Hat is holding a tablet.]<br />
:[Text box: Soon...]<br />
:Cueball: Hey, this company's CEO wants revenge on the same ghost as me! I'm buying!<br />
:Cueball: Ooh, and this one is planning to develop a "Camping Roomba." That's a sure bet!<br />
:Megan: Drop companies #208 and #1434 from the index.<br />
:White Hat: Done.<br />
<br />
{{comic discussion}}<br />
[[Category:Comics featuring Cueball]]<br />
[[Category:Comics featuring Ponytail]]<br />
[[Category:Comics featuring Megan]]<br />
[[Category:Comics featuring White Hat]]<br />
[[Category:Roomba]]</div>141.101.98.166https://www.explainxkcd.com/wiki/index.php?title=Talk:1563:_Synonym_Movies&diff=99495Talk:1563: Synonym Movies2015-08-12T05:17:17Z<p>141.101.98.166: Created page with "Space Trip would probably be Star Trek, right? ~~~~"</p>
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<div>Space Trip would probably be Star Trek, right?<br />
[[Special:Contributions/141.101.98.166|141.101.98.166]] 05:17, 12 August 2015 (UTC)</div>141.101.98.166https://www.explainxkcd.com/wiki/index.php?title=Talk:1551:_Pluto&diff=97870Talk:1551: Pluto2015-07-15T21:25:27Z<p>141.101.98.166: Correcting bad editing...</p>
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<div>I knew it! So my BOT was also running today. And don't miss the updates at WhatIf. --[[User:Dgbrt|Dgbrt]] ([[User talk:Dgbrt|talk]]) 19:28, 14 July 2015 (UTC)<br />
<br />
Yeah, it's pretty amazing! What is it with XKCD and Pluto these days by the way? [[User:Nk22|The Twenty-second. The Not So Only. The Nathan/Nk22]] ([[User talk:Nk22|talk]]) 19:36, 14 July 2015 (UTC)<br />
:New Horizons space probe flyby of the Pluto system! I can't imagine that a space probe finally reaching a hitherto unmapped planetoid like Pluto wouldn't be exciting to certain people, especially an ex NASA guy like Randall. -Pennpenn [[Special:Contributions/108.162.250.162|108.162.250.162]] 06:27, 15 July 2015 (UTC)<br />
<br />
Pluto is moving away from the Sun - and we've learned that as it does so, it enters the snowy part of its 248-year cycle. Hmm ... didn't Ned Stark say something about this? [[User:Cosmogoblin|Cosmogoblin]] ([[User talk:Cosmogoblin|talk]]) 22:11, 14 July 2015 (UTC)<br />
<br />
Alright, the only one that's still got me stumped is "moon buds." The phrase has no stock meaning (Googling it turned up pictures of weed, naturally), but my best guess is this suggests moons reproduce through {{w|budding}}. Any thoughts? [[User:Captain Video|Captain Video]] ([[User talk:Captain Video|talk]]) 00:38, 15 July 2015 (UTC)<br />
:I have added something. {{User:17jiangz1/signature|03:21, 15 July 2015}}<br />
<br />
"Border of pride lands" might also be an indirect reference to the "dark region" on Mars in 1504:opportunity, last panel, which is itself a reference to the Hyena Country of "Lion King." [[User:Taibhse|Taibhse]] ([[User talk:Taibhse|talk]]) 09:56, 15 July 2015 (UTC)<br />
<br />
A couple of other possibilities for the reference to hatching: http://scifi.stackexchange.com/questions/82353/giant-bird-in-space<br />
--[[Special:Contributions/141.101.104.9|141.101.104.9]] 10:26, 15 July 2015 (UTC)<br />
<br />
So Megaman needs no further explanation? --[[Special:Contributions/141.101.99.109|141.101.99.109]] 11:04, 15 July 2015 (UTC)<br />
<br />
Where is the north pole? I like to play geohashing there. --[[User:GeorgDerReisende|GeorgDerReisende]] ([[User talk:GeorgDerReisende|talk]]) 12:12, 15 July 2015 (UTC)<br />
<br />
The comment for Plug(inflating/deflating) is missing [[Special:Contributions/141.101.98.247|141.101.98.247]] 13:30, 15 July 2015 (UTC)<br />
<br />
Those aren't bullet holes... they're speed holes! --[[Special:Contributions/108.162.216.97|108.162.216.97]] 13:46, 15 July 2015 (UTC)<br />
<br />
The current explanation has that Randall has drawn "humorous pareidolia on top of it". I may be wrong, but isn't pareidolia the psychological process of seeing faces/objects etc in patterns, rather than those objects themselves. E.g. "I saw a mans face on the moon because of a psychological process called pareidolia" rather than "I saw a pareidolia on the moon, which looked like a face". --[[User:Pudder|Pudder]] ([[User talk:Pudder|talk]]) 14:20, 15 July 2015 (UTC)<br />
<br />
::I agree, so I changed the word "drawn" to outlined." [[User:Captain Video|Captain Video]] ([[User talk:Captain Video|talk]]) 15:12, 15 July 2015 (UTC)<br />
<br />
The heart reference may be related to this popular animated gif that showed up on Reddit: http://imgur.com/7C2GfIF 15:42, 15 July 2015 (UTC) turbotong<br />
<br />
:Not originally - I believe NASA were the originator of the "heart" label, though I could be wrong.<br />
<br />
.jpeg compression only produces those artifacts on digital images. It was designed for professional photographers and did not take into account the effects of hard edges in the image since film images have no hard edges! It just got adopted by everybody else early on so we're stuck with it even though it can work very poorly on digital images. [[User:ExternalMonolog|ExternalMonolog]] ([[User talk:ExternalMonolog|talk]]) 17:30, 15 July 2015 (UTC)<br />
:That's... interestingly not-quite-correct. The JPEG/JFIF method is a good-but-lossy version of digital image compression that outperforms (on compression terms) non-lossy methods of defining a digital image but doesn't work well with hard-edges. Photographs taken in digital format, or converted into digital format from a 'analogue' original, are often put through lossy compression because (for a wise amount of 'loss') the artefacts are easily lost in the already noisy and flowing 'real life' image details, just like the compression of MP3 (MPEG3 Audio Layer, or whichever related standard) applied to audio loses some detail but is generally drowned out by what 'remains', to the casual listener. (Images like graphs and diagrams are ''replete'' with hard edges, and have far fewer needs for subtleties of shade, so using the non-lossless PNG or even GIF (now that it's out of copyright, if that was ever your concern) would be better... Depends on whether you want need more than 256 different colours or a humorous animation. If you want both, there are also solutions, but that's the usual decision I'd be making.)<br />
:I doubt that NASA uses .JPG images (at least between spacecraft and ground, although maybe for later web publication). There would probably be a (non-lossy) compression scheme (either inherently in the format of the image, or of the 'raw' image consisting of original arrays of bitplains, just to cut down on transmission time), so that as much exact science as possible could be extracted from the original pixels without 'smearing' and such artefacts. Professional (terrestrial!) photographers will often take RAW images (instead of/alongside the quick-and-dirty JPEG ones), for better quality (and no-artefact) images that might end up being blown up to poster-sized images, or from which a small segment will be blown up (e.g. ground-based amateur astronomical photography), that would otherwise so easily reveal the flaws.<br />
:Also, IIRC, recent Pluto pictures had notably been created by NASA based upon high-resolution monochrome and lower-resolution colour images from two cameras (usefully analysed seperately, in their own right, and doubtless also needing different exposure times to create) combined together to create the headline pictures we've been seeing.<br />
:Incidentally, noticable JPEG artefacts tend to be 8x8 pixel regions (most often seen when a small photographic region is digitally 'zoomed'). For those that need them, there are "artefact removal" tools in most decent image editing programmes that (with practice) can 'reverse' (or, rather, 'blend') the more obvious artefacts, after the fact. I suspect Randall's image's 'artefacts' are a selectively edited 'artefact addition' (easily done, with the likes of Photoshop and GIMP, and related to 'pixelating' method used to selectively obscure detail) on the original image. NASA never had to 'clean' the image, although some of its released images may have been 'dirtied' after down-conversion. [[Special:Contributions/141.101.98.166|141.101.98.166]] 20:51, 15 July 2015 (UTC)<br />
<br />
One of a number of pareidolic features Randall has outlined. [[Special:Contributions/108.162.212.4|108.162.212.4]] 20:56, 15 July 2015 (UTC)</div>141.101.98.166https://www.explainxkcd.com/wiki/index.php?title=Talk:1551:_Pluto&diff=97869Talk:1551: Pluto2015-07-15T21:01:11Z<p>141.101.98.166: Waffle.</p>
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<div>I knew it! So my BOT was also running today. And don't miss the updates at WhatIf. --[[User:Dgbrt|Dgbrt]] ([[User talk:Dgbrt|talk]]) 19:28, 14 July 2015 (UTC)<br />
<br />
Yeah, it's pretty amazing! What is it with XKCD and Pluto these days by the way? [[User:Nk22|The Twenty-second. The Not So Only. The Nathan/Nk22]] ([[User talk:Nk22|talk]]) 19:36, 14 July 2015 (UTC)<br />
:New Horizons space probe flyby of the Pluto system! I can't imagine that a space probe finally reaching a hitherto unmapped planetoid like Pluto wouldn't be exciting to certain people, especially an ex NASA guy like Randall. -Pennpenn [[Special:Contributions/108.162.250.162|108.162.250.162]] 06:27, 15 July 2015 (UTC)<br />
<br />
Pluto is moving away from the Sun - and we've learned that as it does so, it enters the snowy part of its 248-year cycle. Hmm ... didn't Ned Stark say something about this? [[User:Cosmogoblin|Cosmogoblin]] ([[User talk:Cosmogoblin|talk]]) 22:11, 14 July 2015 (UTC)<br />
<br />
Alright, the only one that's still got me stumped is "moon buds." The phrase has no stock meaning (Googling it turned up pictures of weed, naturally), but my best guess is this suggests moons reproduce through {{w|budding}}. Any thoughts? [[User:Captain Video|Captain Video]] ([[User talk:Captain Video|talk]]) 00:38, 15 July 2015 (UTC)<br />
:I have added something. {{User:17jiangz1/signature|03:21, 15 July 2015}}<br />
<br />
"Border of pride lands" might also be an indirect reference to the "dark region" on Mars in 1504:opportunity, last panel, which is itself a reference to the Hyena Country of "Lion King." [[User:Taibhse|Taibhse]] ([[User talk:Taibhse|talk]]) 09:56, 15 July 2015 (UTC)<br />
<br />
A couple of other possibilities for the reference to hatching: http://scifi.stackexchange.com/questions/82353/giant-bird-in-space<br />
--[[Special:Contributions/141.101.104.9|141.101.104.9]] 10:26, 15 July 2015 (UTC)<br />
<br />
So Megaman needs no further explanation? --[[Special:Contributions/141.101.99.109|141.101.99.109]] 11:04, 15 July 2015 (UTC)<br />
<br />
Where is the north pole? I like to play geohashing there. --[[User:GeorgDerReisende|GeorgDerReisende]] ([[User talk:GeorgDerReisende|talk]]) 12:12, 15 July 2015 (UTC)<br />
<br />
The comment for Plug(inflating/deflating) is missing [[Special:Contributions/141.101.98.247|141.101.98.247]] 13:30, 15 July 2015 (UTC)<br />
<br />
Those aren't bullet holes... they're speed holes! --[[Special:Contributions/108.162.216.97|108.162.216.97]] 13:46, 15 July 2015 (UTC)<br />
<br />
The current explanation has that Randall has drawn "humorous pareidolia on top of it". I may be wrong, but isn't pareidolia the psychological process of seeing faces/objects etc in patterns, rather than those objects themselves. E.g. "I saw a mans face on the moon because of a psychological process called pareidolia" rather than "I saw a pareidolia on the moon, which looked like a face". --[[User:Pudder|Pudder]] ([[User talk:Pudder|talk]]) 14:20, 15 July 2015 (UTC)<br />
<br />
::I agree, so I changed the word "drawn" to outlined." [[User:Captain Video|Captain Video]] ([[User talk:Captain Video|talk]]) 15:12, 15 July 2015 (UTC)<br />
<br />
The heart reference may be related to this popular animated gif that showed up on Reddit: http://imgur.com/7C2GfIF 15:42, 15 July 2015 (UTC) turbotong<br />
<br />
:Not originally - I believe NASA were the originator of the "heart" label, though I could be wrong.<br />
<br />
.jpeg compression only produces those artifacts on digital images. It was designed for professional photographers and did not take into account the effects of hard edges in the image since film images have no hard edges! It just got adopted by everybody else early on so we're stuck with it even though it can work very poorly on digital images. [[User:ExternalMonolog|ExternalMonolog]] ([[User talk:ExternalMonolog|talk]]) 17:30, 15 July 2015 (UTC)<br />
:That's... interestingly not-quite-correct. The JPEG/JFIF method is a good-but-lossy version of digital image compression that outperforms (on compression terms) non-lossy methods of defining a digital image but doesn't work well with hard-edges. Photographs taken in digital format, or converted into digital format from a 'analogue' original, are often put through lossy compression because (for a wise amount of 'loss') the artefacts are easily lost in the already noisy and flowing 'real life' image details, just like the compression of MP3 (MPEG3 Audio Layer, or whichever related standard) applied to audio loses some detail but is generally drowned out by what 'remains', to the casual listener. (Images like graphs and diagrams are ''replete'' with hard edges, and have far fewer needs for subtleties of shade, so using the non-lossless PNG or even GIF (now that it's out of copyright, if that was ever your concerned) would be better... Depends on whether you want need more than 256 different colours or a humorous animation. If you want both, there are also solutions, but that's the usual decision I'd be making.)<br />
:I doubt that NASA uses .JPG images (at least between spacecraft and ground, although maybe for later web publication). There would probably be a (non-lossy) compression scheme (either inherently in the format of the image, or of the 'raw' image consisting of original arrays of bitplains, just to cut down on transmission time), so that as much exact science as possible could be extracted from the original pixels without 'smearing' and such artefacts. Professional (terrestrial!) photographers will often take RAW images (instead of/alongside the quick-and-dirty JPEG ones), for better quality (and no-artefact) images that might end up being blown up to poster-sized images, or from which a small segment will be blown up (e.g. ground-based amateur astronomical photography), that would otherwise so easily reveal the flaws.<br />
:Also, IIRC, recent Pluto pictures had notably been created by NASA based upon high-resolution monochrome and lower-resolution colour images from two cameras (usefully analysed seperately, in their own right, and doubtless also needing different exposure times to create) combined together to create the headline pictures we've been seeing.<br />
:Incidentally, noticable JPEG artefacts tend to be 8x8 pixel regions (most often seen when a small photographic region is digitally . For those that need them, there are "artefact removal" tools in most decent image editing programmes that (with practice) can 'reverse' (or, rather, 'blend') the more obvious artefacts, after the fact. I suspect Randall's image's 'artefacts' are a selectively edited 'artefact addition' (easily done, with the likes of Photoshop and GIMP, and related to 'pixelating' method used to selectively obscure detail) on the original image. NASA never had to 'clean' the image, although some of its released images may have been 'dirtied' after down-conversion. [[Special:Contributions/141.101.98.166|141.101.98.166]] 20:51, 15 July 2015 (UTC)<br />
<br />
One of a number of pareidolic features Randall has outlined. [[Special:Contributions/108.162.212.4|108.162.212.4]] 20:56, 15 July 2015 (UTC)</div>141.101.98.166https://www.explainxkcd.com/wiki/index.php?title=Talk:1551:_Pluto&diff=97866Talk:1551: Pluto2015-07-15T20:51:48Z<p>141.101.98.166: </p>
<hr />
<div>I knew it! So my BOT was also running today. And don't miss the updates at WhatIf. --[[User:Dgbrt|Dgbrt]] ([[User talk:Dgbrt|talk]]) 19:28, 14 July 2015 (UTC)<br />
<br />
Yeah, it's pretty amazing! What is it with XKCD and Pluto these days by the way? [[User:Nk22|The Twenty-second. The Not So Only. The Nathan/Nk22]] ([[User talk:Nk22|talk]]) 19:36, 14 July 2015 (UTC)<br />
:New Horizons space probe flyby of the Pluto system! I can't imagine that a space probe finally reaching a hitherto unmapped planetoid like Pluto wouldn't be exciting to certain people, especially an ex NASA guy like Randall. -Pennpenn [[Special:Contributions/108.162.250.162|108.162.250.162]] 06:27, 15 July 2015 (UTC)<br />
<br />
Pluto is moving away from the Sun - and we've learned that as it does so, it enters the snowy part of its 248-year cycle. Hmm ... didn't Ned Stark say something about this? [[User:Cosmogoblin|Cosmogoblin]] ([[User talk:Cosmogoblin|talk]]) 22:11, 14 July 2015 (UTC)<br />
<br />
Alright, the only one that's still got me stumped is "moon buds." The phrase has no stock meaning (Googling it turned up pictures of weed, naturally), but my best guess is this suggests moons reproduce through {{w|budding}}. Any thoughts? [[User:Captain Video|Captain Video]] ([[User talk:Captain Video|talk]]) 00:38, 15 July 2015 (UTC)<br />
:I have added something. {{User:17jiangz1/signature|03:21, 15 July 2015}}<br />
<br />
"Border of pride lands" might also be an indirect reference to the "dark region" on Mars in 1504:opportunity, last panel, which is itself a reference to the Hyena Country of "Lion King." [[User:Taibhse|Taibhse]] ([[User talk:Taibhse|talk]]) 09:56, 15 July 2015 (UTC)<br />
<br />
A couple of other possibilities for the reference to hatching: http://scifi.stackexchange.com/questions/82353/giant-bird-in-space<br />
--[[Special:Contributions/141.101.104.9|141.101.104.9]] 10:26, 15 July 2015 (UTC)<br />
<br />
So Megaman needs no further explanation? --[[Special:Contributions/141.101.99.109|141.101.99.109]] 11:04, 15 July 2015 (UTC)<br />
<br />
Where is the north pole? I like to play geohashing there. --[[User:GeorgDerReisende|GeorgDerReisende]] ([[User talk:GeorgDerReisende|talk]]) 12:12, 15 July 2015 (UTC)<br />
<br />
The comment for Plug(inflating/deflating) is missing [[Special:Contributions/141.101.98.247|141.101.98.247]] 13:30, 15 July 2015 (UTC)<br />
<br />
Those aren't bullet holes... they're speed holes! --[[Special:Contributions/108.162.216.97|108.162.216.97]] 13:46, 15 July 2015 (UTC)<br />
<br />
The current explanation has that Randall has drawn "humorous pareidolia on top of it". I may be wrong, but isn't pareidolia the psychological process of seeing faces/objects etc in patterns, rather than those objects themselves. E.g. "I saw a mans face on the moon because of a psychological process called pareidolia" rather than "I saw a pareidolia on the moon, which looked like a face". --[[User:Pudder|Pudder]] ([[User talk:Pudder|talk]]) 14:20, 15 July 2015 (UTC)<br />
<br />
::I agree, so I changed the word "drawn" to outlined." [[User:Captain Video|Captain Video]] ([[User talk:Captain Video|talk]]) 15:12, 15 July 2015 (UTC)<br />
<br />
The heart reference may be related to this popular animated gif that showed up on Reddit: http://imgur.com/7C2GfIF 15:42, 15 July 2015 (UTC) turbotong<br />
<br />
:Not originally - I believe NASA were the originator of the "heart" label, though I could be wrong.<br />
<br />
.jpeg compression only produces those artifacts on digital images. It was designed for professional photographers and did not take into account the effects of hard edges in the image since film images have no hard edges! It just got adopted by everybody else early on so we're stuck with it even though it can work very poorly on digital images. [[User:ExternalMonolog|ExternalMonolog]] ([[User talk:ExternalMonolog|talk]]) 17:30, 15 July 2015 (UTC)<br />
:That's... interestingly not-quite-correct. The JPEG/JFIF method is a good-but-lossy version of digital image compression that outperforms (on compression terms) non-lossy methods of defining a digital image but doesn't work well with hard-edges. Photographs taken in digital format, or converted into digital format from a 'analogue' original, are often put through lossy compression because (for a wise amount of 'loss') the artefacts are easily lost in the already noisy and flowing 'real life' image details, just like the compression of MP3 (MPEG3 Audio Layer, or whichever related standard) applied to audio loses some detail but is generally drowned out by what 'remains', to the casual listener.<br />
:I doubt that NASA uses .JPG images (at least between spacecraft and ground, although maybe for later web publication). There would probably be a (non-lossy) compression scheme (either inherently in the format of the image, or of the 'raw' image consisting of original arrays of bitplains, just to cut down on transmission time), so that as much exact science as possible could be extracted from the original pixels without 'smearing' and such artefacts. Professional (terrestrial!) photographers will often take RAW images (instead of/alongside the quick-and-dirty JPEG ones), for better quality (and no-artefact) images that might end up being blown up to poster-sized images, or from which a small segment will be blown up (e.g. ground-based amateur astronomical photography), that would otherwise so easily reveal the flaws.<br />
:Also, IIRC, recent Pluto pictures had notably been created by NASA based upon high-resolution monochrome and lower-resolution colour images from two cameras (usefully analysed seperately, in their own right, and doubtless also needing different exposure times to create) combined together to create the headline pictures we've been seeing.<br />
:Incidentally, noticable JPEG artefacts tend to be 8x8 pixel regions (most often seen when a small photographic region is digitally . For those that need them, there are "artefact removal" tools in most decent image editing programmes that (with practice) can 'reverse' (or, rather, 'blend') the more obvious artefacts, after the fact. I suspect Randall's image's 'artefacts' are a selectively edited 'artefact addition' (easily done, with the likes of Photoshop and GIMP, and related to 'pixelating' method used to selectively obscure detail) on the original image. NASA never had to 'clean' the image, although some of its released images may have been 'dirtied' after down-conversion. [[Special:Contributions/141.101.98.166|141.101.98.166]] 20:51, 15 July 2015 (UTC)</div>141.101.98.166https://www.explainxkcd.com/wiki/index.php?title=1551:_Pluto&diff=978411551: Pluto2015-07-15T14:08:00Z<p>141.101.98.166: /* Explanation */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{comic<br />
| number = 1551<br />
| date = July 14, 2015<br />
| title = Pluto<br />
| image = pluto.png<br />
| titletext = After decades of increasingly confused arguing, Pluto is reclassified as a "dwarf Pluto."<br />
}}<br />
<br />
When the image is clicked the latest [http://www.nasa.gov/feature/new-horizons-spacecraft-displays-pluto-s-big-heart-0 NASA post] opens up.<br />
==Explanation==<br />
{{incomplete|New Page.}}<br />
<br />
This comic was posted on Tuesday, July 14th 2015, in honor of the {{w|New Horizons}} deep space probe making its flyby at {{w|Pluto}}. It thus breaks the regular Monday/Wednesday/Friday cycle for the [[xkcd]] comics. [[Randall]] has taken the largest released image by this day and drawn humorous {{w|Pareidolia|pareidolia}} on top of it.<br />
<br />
It can be compared to preliminary descriptions by geologists, e.g. [http://www.planetary.org/blogs/emily-lakdawalla/2015/07140911-new-horizons-best-look-at.html?referrer=http://t.co/ExQJ6cKS1Q New Horizons' best look at Pluto before close approach | The Planetary Society].<br />
<br />
The comic probably winks at {{w|Percival_Lowell|Percival Lowell}} whose observatory photographed Pluto (then "known" as Planet X) in 1915. Unfortunately the things Percival Lowell is most famous for are his drawings of the {{w|Martian_canal|Canals on Mars}}.<br />
<br />
The title text refers to the debate as to whether Pluto should be classified as a full or dwarf planet. This debate was particularly brought into the public eye, and came to be seen as a matter of controversy, following the 2006 {{w|IAU definition of planet}}. The text may imagine that this debate winds on, with definitions being created and revised until a ridiculous state is reached whereby Pluto has a special class of celestial body named after it (called a 'Pluto'), but fails to fulfil the (arbitrary) criteria set up for it, and hence is called a 'dwarf Pluto'.<br />
<br />
(There actually exist the terms {{w|Plutoid}} and {{w|Plutino}}, that relate directly to groups that Pluto belongs to, but see those pages for details of their use and usage.)<br />
===Table of objects===<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|-<br />
! Description<br />
! Explanation<br />
|-<br />
| Candy shell<br />
| Suggests Pluto is a confection.<br />
|-<br />
| JPEG plumes<br />
| The {{w|JPEG}} image format has the common issue of slightly distorting an image with {{w|Compression artifact}}s. The artifacts shown here do not appear in the official version of this image, and may have been added by [[Randall]] (or edited out by NASA). But there have been tweets about people seeing plumes associated with active volcanoes and the like, which were explained as being artifacts.<br />
|-<br />
| Frontal bone<br />
| Interpreting Pluto as a head, the {{w|frontal bone}} could be the light-colored region next to the darker top (the north pole). <br />
|-<br />
| Grease stains<br />
| The darkened area of Pluto's north pole is attributed to grease.<br />
|-<br />
| Bugs<br />
| Could refer to possible extraterrestrial life on Pluto in to form of {{w|insects}}, or "bugs". (In the animated TV series ''Roughnecks: Starship Troopers Chronicles'', an adaptation of Robert Heinlein's novel ''Starship Troopers'', the first battles with the alien "Bugs" took place on Pluto.)<br />
|-<br />
| Bullet holes<br />
| A string of small round features which Randall suggests were the result of Pluto getting shot repeatedly.<br />
|-<br />
| New Netherlands<br />
| Reference to [[1519: Venus]] and also a [[what if?]] about draining the Earth's oceans onto Mars. In that What If?, the Netherlands issued forth from the portal that drained the oceans to claim Mars as New Netherlands. Presumably something similar happened on Pluto.<br />
|-<br />
| Disputed territory<br />
| Since the base photograph is identified as "today's ''New Horizons'' image," this indicates that a section of Pluto has immediately become the subject of some controversy, possibly a territorial claim or one of several references to the fact that Pluto was demoted from full planet status in 2006.<br />
|-<br />
| Snake pit<br />
| A generic map hazard.<br />
|-<br />
| Full text of the Wikipedia article on pareidolia <br />
| {{w|Pareidolia}} is the human brain's tendency to see patterns where they don't exist. While probably a reference to the famed {{w|Face on Mars}}, the joke is also recursive: You'd be seeing the text of a Wikipedia article explaining to you that you couldn't actually be seeing the text of a Wikipedia article.<br />
|-<br />
| Tadpole<br />
| One of a number of pareidolic features Randall has outlined.<br />
|-<br />
| Kuiper Belt loops<br />
| The {{w|Kuiper belt}} is a region in our solar system that contains a large concentration of icy bodies, including Pluto. Randall jokingly refers to Kuiper Belt as the same kind of belt that's used to fasten clothing, and identifies features on Pluto's surface as loops for the belt.<br />
|-<br />
| Serenity<br />
| An outline of the ''Firefly''-class spaceship ''Serenity'', which was the titular vessel from the 2002 TV series ''{{w|Firefly}}''. One of a number of pareidolic features Randall has outlined.<br />
|-<br />
| Dinosaur<br />
| One of a number of pareidolic features Randall has outlined.<br />
|-<br />
| The good part<br />
| A random, arbitrary selection of Pluto that is somehow better than the rest of Pluto.<br />
|-<br />
| Moon bud<br />
| This could be interpreted as a moon growing/emerging out of pluto, as a bud is "a compact knob-like growth". A round growth is seen at the location marked, resembling a small, emerging moon.<br />
|-<br />
| Ghost<br />
| A reference to the classic video game ''{{w|Pacman}}'', wherein the primary antagonists are one of four Ghosts. The Ghost on Pluto appears to have a mouth, however, unlike most depictions of the ''Pacman'' Ghosts. One of a number of pareidolic features Randall has outlined.<br />
|-<br />
| Pluto dinosaur extinction crater<br />
| Suggests Pluto had dinosaurs and lost them the same way Earth did.<br />
|-<br />
| Heart<br />
| One of a number of pareidolic features Randall has outlined, and the only one (currently) also informally named as such by NASA.<br />
|-<br />
| Coronary artery disease<br />
| Also known as {{w|ischemic heart disease}}, which causes degradation of heart tissue. The region identified in the comic looks less 'healthy' (is darker and more ragged) compared to the rest of the 'Heart', which Randall suggests is caused by the disease.<br />
|-<br />
| Mount Mons<br />
| Referring to the general practice of naming extraterrestrial mountains {{w|Mons (planetary nomenclature)|"X Mons"}} (e.g. {{w|Olympus Mons}}, a mountain on Mars and the largest mountain in the Solar System), as well as naming terrestrial mountains "Mount X". Since "mons" is Latin for "mountain", the feature's suggested name translates as "Mount Mountain".<br />
|-<br />
| Charging socket<br />
| A terrain feature suitable for connecting an outside source of electricity for the benefit of implied internal batteries. Compare "dock connector," below.<br />
|-<br />
| Cracks (beginning to hatch)<br />
| Implying that Pluto is some manner of giant egg. Possibly a reference to the ''Doctor Who'' episode ''Kill the Moon'', in which the Moon is revealed to be an egg from which a monster is hatching. An 2014 article from ''The Onion'', [http://www.theonion.com/article/moon-finally-hatches-36414 "Moon Finally Hatches,"] makes the same joke. Also possibly a reference to ''The Light Fantastic'', a ''Discworld'' novel in which similar objects are revealed to be the eggs of the world turtle.<br />
|-<br />
| Scars from predator attacks<br />
| Since it's all-caps, we can't tell if "PREDATOR" is a proper noun, but this is possibly a reference to the movie series ''{{w|Predator (franchise)|Predator}}'', about a race of aliens who hunt other beings for sport. Alternatively, a planetary predator may have previously scarred Pluto.<br />
|-<br />
| Reset button<br />
| The structure indicated is a small black dot (at least at this distance this picture was taken). Reset buttons on home electronics are often small buttons or holes used to reset the software of the electronic device.<br />
|-<br />
| Megaman<br />
| One of a number of pareidolic features Randall has outlined, this one in the shape of a {{w|Mega_Man_(character)|popular video game protagonist.}}<br />
<br />
|-<br />
| Debate Hole<br />
<br />
Where we're putting all the people still arguing about Pluto's planet status<br />
| Pluto was reclassified as a {{w|dwarf planet}} rather than a {{w|planet}} following the latter term's controversial {{w|redefinition in 2006}} by the {{w|International Astronomical Union}}. Arguments about the classification continue to pop up. The same argument is referenced in the title text.<br />
|-<br />
| Area missed during ironing<br />
| The area indicated is near the {{w|Terminator (solar)|terminator}} and shows some intriguing topographic relief. <br />
|-<br />
| Probably Benign<br />
| A {{w|neoplasm}} or tumor is an abnormal growth of tissue. Randall is suggesting that the abnormal region near the heart has been evaluated by a doctor and determined to be {{w|Benign tumor|benign}}.<br />
|-<br />
| Chocolate frosting<br />
| Suggests the discrepancy in color over Pluto's surface may be a function of what cake frosting was used where.<br />
|-<br />
| Vanilla frosting<br />
| As above, suggests the discrepancy in color over Pluto's surface may be a function of what cake frosting was used where.<br />
|-<br />
| Border of pride lands<br />
| A reference to the Disney animated feature ''The Lion King.'' In the movie, the Pridelands is the bright and prosperous region ruled by the Lion King while a dark territory beyond its border is controlled by hyenas. The border identified in the comic corresponds with a feature NASA calls the "whale's tale," with the rest of the whale being the large dark splotch.<br />
|-<br />
| Hyena country<br />
| A continuation of the ''Lion King'' reference above.<br />
|-<br />
| Dock connector<br />
| From the point of view of the photograph, this feature of Pluto is at the planet's "bottom," where iPod dock connectors are. Compare "charging socket," above.<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Transcript==<br />
:'''PLUTO'''<br />
:Some of the features already identified in today's ''New Horizons'' image<br />
<br />
:[Many marks on the image of Pluto follow:]<br />
<br />
:Candy shell<br />
:Frontal bone<br />
:Grease stains<br />
:Bugs<br />
:JPEG plumes<br />
:Full text of the wikipedia article on pareidolia<br />
:Bullet holes<br />
:New Netherlands<br />
:Disputed territory<br />
:Snake pit<br />
:Tadpole<br />
:Pluto dinosaur extinction crater<br />
:Kuiper beltloops<br />
:Serenity<br />
:Ghost<br />
:Dinosaur<br />
:The good part<br />
:Moon bud<br />
:Scars from predator attacks<br />
:Reset button<br />
:Megaman<br />
:Charging socket<br />
:Cracks (beginning to hatch)<br />
:Plug (inflating/deflating)<br />
:HEART<br />
::Mount Mons<br />
::Coronary artery disease<br />
:Debate hole<br />
::Where we're putting all the people still arguing about Pluto's planet status<br />
:Chocolate frosting<br />
:Probably benign<br />
:Vanilla frosting<br />
:Dock connector<br />
:Border of pride lands<br />
:Hyena country<br />
:Area missed during ironing<br />
<br />
:Image credit: NASA/JHUAPL/SWRI - click for original<br />
<br />
{{comic discussion}}<br />
[[Category:Space]]<br />
[[Category:Astronomy]]</div>141.101.98.166