1688: Map Age Guide

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Map Age Guide
Does the screeching chill your blood and herald death? If yes, banshee. If no, seagull.
Title text: Does the screeching chill your blood and herald death? If yes, banshee. If no, seagull.
  • A larger version of this image can be found by clicking the image at xkcd.com - the comic's page can also be accessed by clicking on the comic number above.

Explanation

Ambox notice.png This explanation may be incomplete or incorrect: Many is still missing.
If you can address this issue, please edit the page! Thanks.

Flowchart depicting various ways to tell what era a map is from based on present country borders and land forms. (Except in the Not a Political Map Branch (from "Can you see the familiar continents?" downwards), the comic assumes a political map.) Most of the options are very serious, with a few bizarre options (mistaking a seagull and breadbox for a map) or references to things like the Discworld books and Middle-earth, the setting of the Lord Of the Rings series. He also mentions US President Jimmy Carter being attacked by a giant swimming rabbit, an event previously referenced by 204.

Additionally, (possible) future maps including a "Radioactive Exclusion Zone" in the place of Colorado are mentioned. It predicts that some kind of nuclear incident will occur in Colorado (possibly at Rulison or Rio Blanco nuclear testing sites) in 2022. It also predicts that the area will be infested by radioactive spiders one year later.

The title text continues the path where the user has confused a seagull for a map by inquiring if the (presumed) seagull might be a banshee based on the effect of its screams.

There is no recursive loop.

(First Draft, please expand.)

Going through the flowchart, taking the leftmost path first, recursively. See Depth-first search. "Prior Date Range" is the range determined immediately before the question, carried over from the previous question; "Question Date Range" is the range each answer choice implies; "New Date Range" is the intersection of the Prior Date Range and the Question Date Range for each choice, and is the range determined by all questions hiherto answered.

# Question Explanation Prior Date Range Question Date Range New Date Range
1 Istanbul or Constantinople The largest city in Turkey is famous for having different names at different times or to different people. Variations on both names go back at least 1,000 years. Other names have also been used at various points. İstanbul has been the official name since the 1920's, although Western maps often referred to it as Constantinople as late as the 1960's; on the flowchart, the choice of name appears to go with the 1920's date. The name changes are the subject of a song, originally by the Four Lads, but now mainly known for the They Might Be Giants recording. Start here
  • Constantinople: -329 - 1928
  • Neither: inconclusive
  • Istanbul: 1928+
  • Constantinople: -329 - 1928 (Go to 2)
  • Neither: inconclusive (Go to 19)
  • Istanbul: 1928+ (Go to ##)
Note: the chart splits here into three divisions, each from a choice in question 1. The Neither Division will attempt to use other indicators to sort maps into one of the other two divisions or branches thereof, or, after 5 failures to find a country, conclude that the "map" in question is not a political map and proceed to find out what it is (the Not a Political Map Branch). The Constantinople and Istanbul Divisions are linear except where the Neither Division joins them as stated above.
Constantinople Division
2 Do any of these exist?
  • Independent Canada
  • US Territory of Alaska
  • Tokyo
All these seem to specify a date cut-off of 1867/8, but there are caveats attached to each:
  • Canada gained its independence gradually, but it would appear as its own country on maps some time between the Constitution Act, 1867 (which created Canada as a British dominion) and the Statute of Westminster 1931 (which made Canada largely self-governing).
  • The Territory of Alaska existed between 1912 (previously, it was a US district) and 1959 (when it became a state). The US has owned Alaska since the 1867 Alaska Purchase, but it was not a territory then.
  • Tokyo was once called Edo. It was renamed Tokyo (which means "Eastern Capital") when it became the capital in 1868. Most English books around then would actually have called it "Tokei", the Chinese reading. The name Tokyo didn't take off until Hepburn romanization was popularized in the 1880s.
-329 - 1928 (from 1)

1299 - 1922 (from 19 in the Neither Division)

  • No: 1867-
  • Yes: 1868+
  • No: -329 - 1867 (Go to 3)
  • Yes: 1868 - 1928 (Go to 11)
Holy Roman Empire Branch
3 The Holy Roman Empire The predecessor to modern Germany, the Holy Roman Empire was a union of hundreds of small states in Central Europe. Nationalism and the concept of the nation state hadn't taken off yet, so countries as we know them didn't really exist. There were just small lands, often with keenly contested borders, owned by minor aristocracy who pledged allegiance to one of the big powers. The HRE was dissolved in 1806 after it was invaded by Napoleon, arguably the first leader to realise the potential of making a nation salute a flag. -329 - 1867
  • Yes: 899 - 1806
  • No: 899- or 1806+
  • Yes: 899 - 1806 (Stated in comic as 1805-, since modern map-making was fuzzy as a concept prior) (Stop)
  • No: -329 - 899 or 1806-67 (Go to 4)
4 The United States? The original 13 colonies declared independence in 1776. A map that does not include either the HRE or the USA must be older than the HRE which would put the map some time prior to 1000 AD, when there really were no countries, and English wasn't used yet, hence Randall's comment. -329 - 899 or 1806-67
  • No: 1776-
  • Yes: 1776+
  • No: -329 - 899 (Not stated in comic, since a map in this period is probably not in English, which violates a proviso of the comic) (Stop)
  • Yes: 1806-67 (Go to 5)
5 Texas is...
Part of Mexico?
Independent?
Part of the US?
Mexico occupied the area modern day Texas from around 1718 (when the first permanent Spanish settlements were founded) to the Texas Declaration of Independence in 1836 (the comic appearantly cited 1834 as the date) - the land called "Texas" was only a small part of the modern day state. The Republic of Texas only lasted a decade, and joined the US in 1846. 1806-67
  • Part of Mexico: 1718 - 1836
  • Independent: 1836-46
  • Part of the US: 1846+
  • Part of Mexico: 1806-36 (Go to 6)
  • Independent: 1836-46 (stated in comic as 1834-45 - a discrepancy) (Stop)
  • Part of the US: 1846-67 (Go to 9)
6 Florida is part of...
Spain?
The US?
Spain occupied Florida (as East Florida and West Florida) but frankly they didn't actually want it - it was expensive to send people to settle it, and there wasn't much economic value in it. So they gave it to the US for free in the 1819 Adams–Onís Treaty (which took effect in 1821) in exchange for the US giving up parts of Mexico and paying off angry Spanish settlers. (For some reason, the comic treats Florida as part of the US in 1818; see questions 7 and 8.) 1806-36
  • Spain: 1565 - 1763 or 1783 - 1821
  • The US: 1821+
  • Spain: 1806-21 (Go to 7)
  • The US: 1821-36 (Go to 8)
7 Paraguay? Declared independence from Spain in 1811 (although it might appear on older maps as the Spanish Province of Paraguay). 1806-21
  • No: 1811-
  • Yes: 1811+
  • No: 1806-11 (stated in comic as 1806-10) (Stop)
  • Yes: 1811-21 (stated in comic as 1811-17 - a discrepancy (see question 6)) (Stop)
8 Venezuela and/or Ecuador? Both declared independence from Gran Colombia (Greater Colombia) in 1830. 1821-36
  • No: 1830-
  • Yes: 1830+
  • No: 1821-30 (stated in comic as 1818-29 - a discrepancy (see question 6)) (Stop)
  • Yes: 1830-36 (stated in comic as 1830-33 - a discrepancy (see question 5)) (Stop)
9 Does Russia border the Sea of Japan? The 1858 Treaty of Aigun brought the Russian border to the Sea of Japan. 1846-67
  • No: 1858-
  • Yes: 1858+
  • No: 1846-58 (Go to 10)
  • Yes: 1858-67 (Stop)
10 The US's southern border looks...
Weird
Normal
The last southward expansion of the US is the 1854 Gadsden Purchase, where the US bought a chunk of what is now Arizona and New Mexico so they could build a railway that avoided unfavourable terrain. The southern border looks "weird" before that because we are accustomed to the current border shape. 1846-58
  • Weird: 1854-
  • Normal: 1854+
  • Weird: 1846-54 (stated in comic as 1846-53) (Stop)
  • Normal: 1854-58 (stated in comic as 1854-56 - a discrepancy (where is 1857?)) (Stop)
South Africa Branch
11 South Africa? The Union of South Africa was created in 1910, although South Africa was then not yet fully independent from the United Kingdom (which would not happen until 1931). 1868 - 1928
  • No: 1910-
  • Yes: 1910+
  • No: 1868 - 1910 (Go to 12)
  • Yes: 1910-28 (Go to 16)
12 Rhodesia? The region was named "Rhodesia" by the British South Africa Company in 1895. An unrecognised state (1965-79) and a colony (1923-80 on-and-off) also born this name, but they are both outside the Prior Date Range. 1868 - 1910
  • No: 1895-
  • Yes: 1895+
  • No: 1868-95 (Go to 13)
  • Yes: 1895 - 1910 (Go to 15)
13 Is Bolivia landlocked? Bolivia lost its coastal territory to Chlie in the War of the Pacific, ceding Antofagasta in the Treaty of Valparaiso in 1884. 1868-95
  • No: 1825-84
  • Yes: 1884+
  • No: 1868-84 (Go to 14)
  • Yes: 1884-95 (Stop)
14 "Buda" and "Pest" or "Budapest"? In 1873, the cities of Buda and Pest joined together to form the city of Budapest. 1868-84
  • Buda and Pest: 1247 - 1873
  • Budapest: 1873+
  • Buda and Pest: 1868-73 (stated in comic as 1868-72) (Stop)
  • Budapest: 1873-84 (stated in comic as 1873-83) (Stop)
15 Is Norway part of Sweden? Norway was ceded to Sweden in 1814, from which it separated in 1905. 1895 - 1910
  • Yes: 1814 - 1905
  • No: 1814- or 1905+
  • Yes: 1895-1905 (Stated in comic as 1896-1905) (Stop)
  • No: 1905-10 (Stated in comic as 1906-09) (Stop)
16 Austria-Hungary? Austria-Hungary formed in 1867 and dissolved in 1918. 1910-28
  • Yes: 1867-1918
  • No: 1918+
  • Yes: 1910-18 (Go to 17)
  • No: 1918-28 (Go to 18)
17 Albania? Albania declared independence from the Ottoman Empire in 1912. 1910-18
  • No: 1912-
  • Yes: 1912+
  • No: 1910-12 (Stop)
  • Yes: 1912-18 (stated in comic as 1913-18) (Stop)
18 Leningrad? Saint Petersburg was known as Leningrad between 1924 and 1991. 1918-28
  • No: 1924- or 1991+
  • Yes: 1924-91
  • No: 1918-24 (stated in comic as 1919-23) (Stop)
  • Yes: 1924-28 (stated in comic as 1924-29) (Stop)
Neither Division
19 Does the Ottoman Empire exist? The Ottoman Empire was founded in 1299, and defeated and dissolved on December 28, 1922 when the sultanate was abolished. Inconclusive
  • Yes: 1299-1922
  • No: 1299- or 1922+
  • Yes: 1299-1922 (Go to 2 in the Constantinople Division)
  • No: 1299- or 1922+ (Go to 20)
20 The Soviet Union? The Soviet Union is one of the largest countries ever to exist consisting of Russia and large portions of eastern Europe and central Asia. It was a major political force from December 28, 1922, when several allied Soviet republics united, to 1991, when it broke up.

Note: This question is the same as question ## in the Istanbul Division, but because there a Prior Date Range of 1928+ has already been established by the presense of Istanbul, we need one more question to determine whether we are within the range of 1928+.

1299- or 1922+
  • Yes: 1922-91
  • No: 1922- or 1991+
  • Yes: 1922-91 (Go to 21)
  • No: 1299- or 1922 (November 1 - December 28) or 1991+ (Go to 22)
21 Saudi Arabia? The kingdom of Saudi Arabia was founded in 1932. 1922-91
  • Yes: 1932+
  • No: 1932-
  • Yes: 1932-91 (Go to ## in the Istanbul Division)
  • No: 1922-32 (Stop)
22 North Korea? The Korean Peninsula was divided into two regions, the north of which would be known as North Korea, at the end of World War II in 1945. 1299- or 1922 (November 1 - December 28) or 1991+
  • Yes: 1945+
  • No: 1945-
  • Yes: 1991+ (Go to ## in the Istanbul Division)
  • No: 1299- or 1922 (November 1 - December 28) (Go to 23)
23 Saint Trimble's Island' Since Randall just made up this place, it is impossible that a map would include it. 1299- or 1922 (November 1 - December 28)
  • No: inconclusive
  • Yes: impossible
  • No: 1299- or 1922 (November 1 - December 28) (Go to 24)
  • Yes: impossible (Stop)
24 Is Jan Mayen part of the kingdom of Norway? 1299- or 1922 (November 1 - December 28)
  • Not yet:
  • What?:
  • Yes:
  • Not yet:
  • What?:
  • Yes:

West Africa branch (1930-1991)

Is most of West Africa a giant French blob? Before 1960, most of West Africa consisted of a number of French colonies united under French West Africa.

Pakistan? Pakistan was officially recognized as its own country separate from India in 1947.

How many Germanys are there? During WWII, the Nazi Party invaded a large swath of Europe, which would make Nazi Germany huge on the map during that period. After the war, it split up into two countries — West Germany which was part of NATO, and East Germany which was part of the Warsaw Pact.

Persia or Iran? Persia was renamed Iran in 1935.

Cambodia? Cambodia (or Kampuchea) declared independence from France in 1953.

Eritrea is a part of... Eritrea declared independence from Italy in 1952, joining Ethiopia to create the Federation of Ethiopia and Eritrea.

Canada is... In 1949, the Dominion of Newfoundland became a part of Canada. Before that, it was marked as its own region on the map, so maps from 1948 and before would have Canada "missing a piece" on its east coast as compared to how it looks today.

How many Vietnams are there? On April 30, 1975, forces from North Vietnam captured Saigon, and reunified the country, in an event known as Reunification Day, which marked the end of the Vietnam War. Maps before this date would have "North Vietnam" and "South Vietnam" on them rather than a single "Vietnam".

Bangladesh? Bangladesh declared independence from Pakistan in 1972.

Is the area south of Lake Victoria... The area called Tanganyika declared independence from Britain to form its own country in 1961, and unified with Zanzibar to create Tanzania in 1964.

The town on I-25 between Albuquerque and El Paso is [Hot Springs 1948-49] or [Truth or Consequences 1950-52] I-25 didn't exist for any of the years listed for this item, since the Interstate Highway System wasn't launched until 1956. The highway designation on maps printed during the years listed was U.S. 85. The town continues to be called "Truth or Consequences", although locals say that it provides more of the latter than of the former.

This question is also for the wrong time period, as the search tree leading to a British Tanganyika is only the period from 1960-1961.

Jimmy Carter is... On April 20, 1979, Jimmy Carter was attacked by a giant swimming rabbit, a fact referenced in 204: America. This fact would not normally be referenced on a map, however, and is simply a joke entry that leads to the next question.

The Sinai is part of what country? In 1979, Israel signed a piece Treaty in which it would gradually retreat from the entire Sinai Peninsula, handing that area to Egypt. This happened over a period of three years, completing in 1982.

What's the capital of Micronesia? The Federated States of Micronesia are a group of small islands in the Pacific Ocean. Their capital was Kolonia until 1989, when it changed to Palikir, on the same island.

Republic of the Upper Volta or Burkina Faso? Burkina Faso was named the Republic of the Upper Volta until 1984, when the president Thomas Sankara decided to rename it.

(Number of Yemens) + (Number of Germanys) = ? In 1990, two unification events took place: the Yemeni unification on May 22, and the German reunification on October 3. Before these events, in early 1990, there would have been four Yemens and Germanys total. In mid-1990, when only the Yemeni unification had taken place, there would be one Yemen and two Germanys, for a total of three. and in late 1990, after both events took place, there would be one of each for a total of two.

Post-Soviet branch (1991-)

Zaire? Zaire was one of a series of names for what is today called the Democratic Republic of the Congo. In 1996 a (successful) revolt began to oust the reigning government from power. As part of this revolution, the country was renamed. The original name change away from 'Congo' was part of an 'Africanisation' naming campaign, although 'Congo' is in origin an authentic African name for the river that set the boundaries of the nation.

Serbia and Montenegro are... Serbia and Montenegro were a remnant of Yugoslavia. Montenegro voted to become its own country in 2006.

East Timor? East Timor is a nation north of Australia and south east of Indonesia. During the dutch colonization of Indonesia east Timor remained in Portuguese hands. While occupied and annexed by Indonesia since 1976, east Timor retained its own culture and voted for independence, then had a nasty militia action that required UN peacekeeping action, and finally become independent in 2002.

How many Sudans are there? In 2011, after a long history of violence between the two portions of the country (which can be characterized as Islamic vs. Christian and Traditional Religions), South Sudan became independent from its northern neighbor.

Is Crimea disputed? In 2014, a revolution ousted the current Ukrainian president. Crimea had its own civil unrest, and Russian troops exploited the unrest to launch an invasion. A referendum, where many nations, including all member states of the EU, the USA, and Canada, disputed the democratic legitimacy of the referendum, was held during this and ostensibly decided in favor of russian annexation.

Radioactive Colorado Subbranch

"Colorado" or "Danger—Radioactive Exclusion Zone—Avoid"? This entry and the one below it are now referring to hypothetical future events: specifically, a huge radioactivity event in Colorado that takes place some time in 2022.

Does the warning mention the spiders? Presumably some time in 2023, the radioactive exclusion zone also becomes infested with mutant spiders.

Not a Political Map Branch

Can you see the familiar continents? This question asks if the usual continents are present on the map, after the reader has indicated that Jan Mayen is not on the map. This means that either the map is not a political map (in which case it is a satellite image), or it is not a map of Earth at all, in which case the question starts asking about characteristics of fictional maps instead.

Topological Map / Satellite Image Subbranch

This sounds like a physical map or satellite photo. The following questions are about physical geography. Many of these features are not generally tracked accurately in maps - many maps still show the Aral Sea, even though it's now mostly evaporated - but are clearly visible in photos.

Is there a big lake in Southern California? (created by mistake) Salton Sea A previously dry lakebed accidentally flooded in 1905 while attempting to increase irrigation to the area from the Colorado River

How far East do the American Prairies reach? The Northwest Territory was incorporated in pieces ~1820s, there may be something more relevant to draw the line at Indiana though. Likely this [1]

Is there a big lake in the middle of Ghana? (Created on Purpose) Lake Volta

Fitional Map / Non-Map Subbranch

Rivers 'Sirion' or 'Anduin'? The rivers Sirion and Anduin are part of Middle Earth, the fictional setting of J.R.R. Tolkien's Lord of the Rings books. If either of these rivers are present on the map, then the map is of Middle Earth, in which case the questions following are questions to determine which age the map is of. If these rivers are not present, then the questions continue trying to determine which fictional world the map represents.

Cair Paravel? [Cair Paravel] is the capital of the Kingdom of Narnia. It is a common point for all the books in the Chronicles of Narnia except for The Magician's Nephew (which covers the period of history before the castle was built). It is sufficiently important that it would presumably be included in any map accompanying a Narnia book, even if none of the action in the story occurs there.

Narnia Subbranch

Calormen? [Calormen] is an foreign empire in the Chronicles of Narnia. While it was indirectly referenced in the first three books C.S. Lewis published, it was not included in maps until the later books in the series.

Weird Recursive Heaven? This refers to the last book in the Narnia series, The Last Battle, where the protagonists find themselves in [Aslan's Country], a glorious afterlife of which Narnia (along with Earth and presumably every other world) is only a shadowy reflection.

Lotta Islands? This refers to [this map] from The Voyage of the Dawn Treader, which focused on a ship voyage from Cair Paravel to the eastern edge of the world and back.

Beruna (Ford/Bridge) This refers to [the map] of Narnia originally published in Prince Caspian. During the time of The Lion, the Witch, and the Wardrobe, the people of Beruna crossed the Great River via a ford, but it had been replaced by a bridge at the beginning of Prince Caspian.

Narnia Subbranch ends

Mossflower A forest from the Redwall book series.

Not a Map Branch

Is it larger than a breadbox? The most common reference to breadboxes is the phrase "Is it bigger than a breadbox?" when trying to guess what some surprise object may be. However, instead of asking further questions to narrow down the choices, the comic just gives a guess for each response. It is worth noticing that the comic guesses a breadbox itself as something about the same size as a breadbox.

Transcript

Guide to figuring out the age of an undated world map

(Assuming it's complete, labeled in english, and detailed enough)

Start:

  • Istanbul or Constantinople?
    • Constantinople:
      • Do any of these exist? Independent Canada; US Territory of Alaska; Tokyo.
        • No:
          • The Holy Roman Empire?
            • Yes:
              • 1805 or earlier (before this point, the modern idea of a complete political map of the world gets hard to apply.)
            • No:
              • The United States?
                • No:
                  • How sure are you that this map is in english?
                • Yes:
                  • Texas is...
                    • Part of Mexico:
                      • Florida is part of...
                        • Spain:
                          • Paraguay?
                            • No: 1806-10
                            • Yes: 1811-17
                        • The US:
                          • Venezuela and/or ecuador?
                            • No: 1818-29
                            • Yes: 1830-33
                    • Independent: 1834-45
                    • Part of the US:
                      • Does Russia border the Sea of Japan?
                        • No:
                          • The US's southern border looks...
                            • Weird: 1846-53
                            • Normal: 1854-56
                        • Yes: 1858-67
        • Yes:
          • South Africa?
            • No:
              • Rhodesia?
                • No:
                  • Is Bolivia landlocked?
                    • No:
                      • "Buda" and "Pest" or "Budapest"?
                        • Buda and Pest: 1868-72
                        • Budapest: 1873-83
                    • Yes: 1884-95
                • Yes:
                  • Is Norway part of Sweden?
                    • Yes: 1896-1905
                    • No: 1906-09
            • Yes:
              • Austria-Hungary?
                • Yes:
                  • Albania?
                    • No: 1910-12
                    • Yes: 1913-18
                • No:
                  • Leningrad?
                    • No: 1919-23
                    • Yes: 1924-29
    • Neither:
      • Does the Ottoman Empire exist?
        • Yes: #canada-alaska-tokyo
        • No:
          • The Soviet Union?
            • Yes:
              • Saudi Arabia?
                • Yes:
                  • Is most of West Africa a giant french blob?
                    • Yes:
                      • Bangladesh?
                        • No:
                          • Is the area south of Lake Victoria...
                            • British:
                              • The town on I-25 between Albuquerque and El Paso is...
                                • Hot Springs: 1948-49
                                • Truth or Consequences: 1950-52
                            • Tanganyika: 1961-64
                            • Tanzania: 1965-71
                        • Yes: 1972-75
                    • No:
                      • How many Vietnams are there?
                        • Two:
                        • One:
                          • Jimmy Carter is...
                            • Being attacked by a giant swimming rabbit: April 20, 1979
                            • Fine:
                              • The Sinai is part of what country?
                                • Israel: 1976-79
                                • Mostly Israel: 1980
                                • Mostly Egypt: 1981
                                • Egypt:
                                  • What's the capital of Micronesia?
                                    • Kolonia:
                                      • Republic of the Upper Volta or Burkina Faso?
                                        • Upper Volta: 1982-84
                                        • 1985-88
                                    • Palikir:
                                      • (number of Yemens) + (number of Germanys) = ?
                                        • Four: 1989-early 1990
                                        • Three: mid-1990
                                        • Two: late 1990-1991
                • No: 1922-1932
            • No:
              • North Korea?
                • Yes:
                  • Zaire? or: "Hong Kong (UK)"
                    • Yes: 1992-96
                    • No:
                      • Serbia/Montenegro are...
                        • One country:
                          • East Timor?
                            • No: 1997-2001
                            • Yes: 2002-06
                        • Two countries:
                          • How many Sudans are there?
                            • One: 2007-11
                            • Two:
                            • Is Crimea disputed?
                              • Yes:
                                • "Colorado" or "Danger—Radioactive Exclusion Zone—Avoid"?
                                  • Colorado: 2014-21
                                  • Danger:
                                    • Does the warning mention the spiders?
                                      • No: 2022
                                      • Yes: 2023 or later
                              • No: 2012-13
                • No:
                  • Saint Trimble's Island
                    • No:
                      • Is Jan Mayen part of the Kingdom of Norway?
                        • Not yet:
                        • What?
                          • Can you see the familiar continents?
                            • Yes:
                              • This sounds like a physical map or satellite photo.
                                • Yes, that's it
                                  • Is Lake Chad missing?
                                    • No:
                                      • How far east do the American Prairies reach?
                                        • Indiana: before 1830
                                        • The Mississippi: 1830s-80s
                                        • Nebraska:
                                          • Is there a big lake in the middle of Southern California? (created by mistake)
                                            • No: 1860s-1900s
                                            • Yes: 1910s
                                        • What prairies?
                                          • Is there a big lake in the middle of Ghana? (created on purpose)
                                            • No: 1920s-50s
                                            • Yes: 1960s-70s
                                    • Yes:
                                      • Is the Aral Sea missing?
                                        • No: 1970s-90s
                                        • Yes: 2000s+
                            • No:
                              • Rivers "Sirion" or "Anduin"?
                                • Yes:
                                  • Mordor?
                                    • No:
                                      • Beleriand?
                                        • Yes: First Age
                                        • No: Early Second Age
                                    • Yes:
                                      • Númenor?
                                        • Yes: Late Second Age
                                        • No:
                                          • The forest east of the Misty Mountains is...
                                            • Greenwood: Early Third Age
                                            • Mirkwood: Late Third Age
                                            • The Wood of Greenleaves: Fourth Age
                                • No:
                                  • Cair Paravel?
                                    • Yes:
                                      • Calormen?
                                        • No:
                                          • Lotta Islands?
                                            • No:
                                              • Beruna
                                                • Ford: The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe
                                                • Bridge:
                                            • Yes: Prince Caspian
                                        • Yes:
                                          • Weird recursive heaven?
                                            • No: one of the random later books
                                            • Yes: The Last Battle
                                    • No:
                                      • Mossflower?
                                        • Yes:
                                          • Redwall
                                        • No:
                                          • Is the world on the back of a turtle?
                                            • Yes: Discworld
                                            • No:
                                              • Are you sure this is a map?
                                                • Yes:
                                                  • Did you make it yourself?
                                                    • Yes:
                                                      • It's very nice.
                                                        • Thank you!
                                                • No:
                                                  • Is it trying to bite you?
                                                    • No:
                                                      • Is it larger than a breadbox?
                                                        • Yes: tuba
                                                        • No: stapler
                                                        • About the same: breadbox
                                                    • Yes:
                                                      • If you let it go, what does it do?
                                                        • Hisses and runs away: cat
                                                        • Screeches and flaps around the room breaking things: seagull
                        • Yes:
                          • Pakistan?
                            • No:
                              • How many Germanys are there?
                                • One:
                                  • Persia or Iran?
                                    • Persia: 1930-34
                                    • Iran: 1935-40
                                • One, but it's huge: 1941-45
                                • Two: 1946-47
                            • Yes:
                              • Cambodia?
                                • No:
                                  • Eritrea is part of...
                                    • Italy:
                                      • Canada is...
                                        • Missing a piece: 1948
                                        • Fine: 1949-52
                                    • Ethiopia: 1952-53
                                • Yes:
                                  • The United Arab Republic?
                                    • No: 1954-57
                                    • Yes: 1958-60
                    • Yes: No, I made that one up.
    • Istanbul:


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Discussion

After the fall of Constaninople it was also known as Ḳosṭanṭīnīye for a while in the Islamic World which you could argue is Constantinople?


I think we should make the second-right and far-right column wider. Blacksilver (talk) 16:12, 14 November 2017 (UTC)


Well, I have no clue how to upload the image, it just displays the title text.108.162.216.91 12:47, 1 June 2016 (UTC)

Done. Guess the bot failed because there is a larger one when you click the image on xkcd? --Kynde (talk) 13:08, 1 June 2016 (UTC)
The BOT didn't fail. The was an 404 error, the picture wasn't available at the first time. --Dgbrt (talk) 14:03, 1 June 2016 (UTC)

I feel like the title seriously lacks the word "political", there's all sorts of nice things with dating non-modern world maps. -- 141.101.104.104 13:34, 1 June 2016 (UTC)

It doesn't just cover political maps -- there is a section on telling when you are with physical maps via the presence or absence of bodies of water. In fact, there are four or five main branches: fictional maps, topographical maps, not a map, and political maps (which have two branches, based on the naming of Istanbul (was Constantinople) 108.162.237.174 13:42, 1 June 2016 (UTC)

I like how that this flow chart also describes what I've drawn162.158.26.220 14:05, 1 June 2016 (UTC)

The 1992-1996 range (top right corner) could be narrowed down further with the independence of Eritrea 1993. Am I getting something wrong or did Randall actually overlook this? :-) 162.158.85.141 14:49, 1 June 2016 (UTC)

Or the splitting of Czechoslovakia, also in 1993... There are probably others for different time ranges, too. 141.101.95.25 16:28, 1 June 2016 (UTC)

Noone else has started work on this and I'm bored so... (feel free to reorder and/or add more detail where appropriate) Relevant Events

Is there a big lake in Southern California? (Created by Mistake) Salton Sea A previously dry lakebed accidentally flooded in 1905 while attempting to increase irrigation to the area from the Colorado River

Vietnam unification: the two Vietnams were not united in 1975. Although the communist victory took place with the capture of Saigon in April of that year, the state of South Vietnam continued to exist, under the rule of the Provisional Revolutionary Government, until 1976. The two nations were formally united as the Socialist Republic of Vietnam on July 2, 1976. Ref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Provisional_Revolutionary_Government_of_the_Republic_of_South_Vietnam 162.158.75.100 14:28, 7 November 2016 (UTC) How far East do the American Prairies reach? The Northwest Territory was incorporated in pieces ~1820s, there may be something more relavent to draw the line at Indiana though.

Is there a big lake in the middle of Ghana? (Created on Purpose) Lake Volta

The US's southern border looks Gadsden Purchase


"Buda" and "Pest" or "Budapest" Buda and Pest were originally two different cities

Does Russia Border the Sea of Japan? Russia currently borders the sea of Japan so the 1867 upper limit is because of Tokyo not existing higher in the chain. The 1858 limit is to do with the Treaty of Aigun

Rhodesia? The dates down the chain suggest this is about Rhodesia the Region not Rhodesia the Unrecognized state nor Southern Rhodesia the British Colony 162.158.214.218 (talk) (please sign your comments with ~~~~)

We are talking about physical/stellite maps at this point of the chart. Incorporation is not relevant. This is about the movement or size change of the American prairies. Climate change, perhaps. Haven't found anything relevant on that, though. Maybe it is about untouched land, as in not having settlements. -- 162.158.85.183 16:05, 1 June 2016 (UTC)

Should the relevant links above be added directly to the transcript, or to a separate section? --172.68.29.127 14:29, 1 June 2016 (UTC)

The transcript is only for faithful transcription of the comic. It exists for users who would otherwise be unable to view the regular comic, and should contain nothing but the contents of the comic. Links go in the explanation, if relevant. Davidy²²[talk] 18:56, 1 June 2016 (UTC)

Istanbul is not the capital of Turkey! (It's Ankara) 162.158.86.131 14:41, 1 June 2016 (UTC)


Maybe a better way of organizing this is chronologically, i.e., show the state of the world each year.

That being said, is every year accounted for? For example, 1857 appears to be missing. 162.158.60.41 (talk) (please sign your comments with ~~~~)


From the left and roughly in chronological order (only partial, might add more later):

'The Holy Roman Empire?' 1806 - Dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire by Emperor Francis II

'Do Any of These Exist?'

1867 - British North America act passed, marking Canadian independence

- Alaskan Purchase by US from Russian Empire

- Meiji Restoration (in 1869, Emperor Meiji moves to Edo, which is renamed Tokyo)

'Texas is...'

independent - 1836? 35? 34? Texas Revolution

'Florida is part of...'

The US: 1818 - US basically controls East Florida after First Seminole War (Spain officially cedes the territory in the Adams–Onís Treaty of 1819.

'Venezuela and or Ecuador?'

1830 - Both Venezuela and Ecuador become independent as the Republic of Gran Colombia dissolves in late 1830, early 1831.

'Does Russia border the Sea of Japan?' 1858 - China cedes territory to Russia under the Treaty of Aigun, bordering the Sea of Japan (sort of? There's also the Treaty of Beijing)

'South Africa?' 1910 - the Union of South Africa created, thanks to the South Africa Act 1909 enacted by British parliament

'Is Bolivia landlocked?' 1884 - Treaty of Valparaiso signed ceding Bolivian territory to to Chile, leaving Bolivia landlocked (see also War of the Pacific

'Buda and Pest or Budapest?' 1873 - Buda and Pest merge to become Budapest

'Is Norway part of Sweden?' 1905 - Sweden-Norway dissolved, Norway becomes an independent monarchy

'Rhodesia?' Rhodesia was named under the British South Africa Company in 1895

'Austria-Hungary?' 1918 - Austria-Hungary officially separates into Austria and Hungary

'Albania?' 1912 - Albania declares independence from the Ottoman Empire

'Leningrad?' 1924 - Petrograd (Saint Petersburg) changes its name to Leningrad

108.162.250.156

You know there are times where I suspect he's just making some of his comics intentionally hard to explain or very ambiguous just to watch us do somersaults trying to describe them and make it clear, not necessarily for this comic but definitely with some of them it just seems that way. I don't know if he does or not, or how much he even pays attention to this wiki, just a thought. Of course maybe he does just because we're prime nerd sniping material. Lackadaisical (talk) 16:00, 1 June 2016 (UTC)


I'm pretty sure 'is it larger than a breadbox' is a reference to 20 questions. 108.162.216.77 16:11, 1 June 2016 (UTC)

From the Wikipedia page for 'Breadbox': "The most common reference to breadboxes is the phrase "Is it bigger than a breadbox?" when trying to guess what some surprise object may be. This question was popularized by Steve Allen on the American game show What's My Line? where he initially asked the question on 18 January 1953. It remains a popular question in the parlor game 20 Questions." 141.101.98.16 17:48, 1 June 2016 (UTC)

Note that it is very hard to even find Jan Mayen on an actual world map (even a political one), never mind figure out which country it belongs to. So anyone actually following these questions might (in some cases) get derailed fairly easily. 141.101.81.77 18:20, 1 June 2016 (UTC)

You will only get there if you can't find Istanbul/Constantinople, you can't find the Ottoman Empire, you can't find North Korea, and Soviet Russia can't find you. Note that the "no" box actually says "not yet". If you can find any of those four, you will never reach the Jan Mayen box. You will also never answer "yes" to the Jan Mayen box, as that would contradict the Soviet Union and North Korea not existing. 108.162.219.9 20:34, 1 June 2016 (UTC)
I tried to explain that a response of "What?" is interpreted to be unable to find Norway, not Jan Mayen, for this reason and that the name didn't exist until 1620, but then I couldn't eliminate that the map is from 1299 or earlier, because the kingdom of Norway is not that old. As for the "Yes" response, for a short period between November 1 and December 28, 1922, neither the Soviet Union nor the Ottoman Empire existed, and Norway had already received jurisdiction over Jan Mayen then.--Troy0 (talk) 07:16, 2 June 2016 (UTC)
I stumbled on this when trying to apply the test to the Yakko's World map (which is normally mid-1990 - total of Yemens and Germanys is 3; of course, that's because there's 2 Yemens and 1 Germany, and the intended date was probably in 1991). As it happens, the Soviet Union is labelled "Russia", Korea is shown as unified, and Istanbul is not labelled at all but the country is Turkey, so we get to the Jan Mayen question. (I hadn't looked at thar map precisely enough to figure out if Jan Mayen is there at all, but it must be Norwegian if it does appear. However, even if we answer "yes", it would not be possible to reach the 1990 option anyway [we get 1954-57, in fact]. OTOH, if we accept that the Soviet Union is there, we correctly reach the Micronesia question, and the mid-1990 option is close enough to that to be able to guess correctly.) 141.101.80.30 13:56, 3 June 2016 (UTC)

Update picture, please: The "giant French blob" "yes" option points to the correct box (Pakistan) on xkcd.com but not on this page (Bangladesh), and the incorrect version leaves out approximately 1930-1960. 108.162.219.9 20:34, 1 June 2016 (UTC)

I fleshed out the Narnian section with links to the original illustrated maps from several books (but this gets weird in a hurry because there is no consistency of illustrations across the various editions of the books). I think it deserves to be mentioned in the article (although I did not try) that Randall is being slightly disingenuous with the history of maps of Narnia. For instance, there is no published map with sufficient detail to determine if Beruna has a ford or a bridge, neither can I find a map that includes Aslan's Country. On the other hand, it is also not an accurate history of the geopolitics of Narnia; for instance, Calormen existed during the time of the first three books even if it wasn't listed on any of the authorized maps. Also, it is the first time I have helped to edit an article, so I apologize for the quirkiness (especially the reliance on non-wikipedia links). Mwdaly (talk) 02:55, 2 June 2016 (UTC)

The introduction to the Narnia section reminds me of Douglas Adams' discussion of the difficulties of tense formation in time travel [2], differences between writing/publication order and reading order are very like time travel. 141.101.70.217 16:24, 4 June 2016 (UTC)


Any particular reason the Crimea description was edited to be so much more condemning of Russia? I could understand if it was originally written that way, but it was changed essentially to put Russia's actions in a negative light. Is that something that needs to be done? 108.162.237.174 (talk) (please sign your comments with ~~~~)

My map doesn't fit the chart... I think?

I've got a Stanford's General Map of the World (On Mercator's Projection) from 1968. My answers:

Istanbul -> The Soviet Union exists -> West Africa is not a giant French blob -> Only one Vietnam -> Jimmy Carter is fine... I think? The only animals on my map are Poseidon and a seahorse -> Sinai is mostly Egyptian...

Bangladesh exists, and below Victoria is Tanzania; so where's the second Vietnam I've failed to locate on my map? Mr FJ (talk) 20:44, 1 June 2016 (UTC)

Your map is optimistic in suggesting there is only one Vietnam, as 1968 was in the heart of the Vietnam War. 141.101.98.123 22:42, 1 June 2016 (UTC)
Saint Trimble's Island

I think the real question is: how long until there actually is one on this planet, even though Randal claims to have made it up. --Divad27182 (talk) 03:30, 2 June 2016 (UTC)

Perhaps this should refer to Sandy Island. [3] 141.101.70.217 16:18, 4 June 2016 (UTC)

There was a Trimble Island https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blake_Island 162.158.159.136 11:51, 30 June 2020 (UTC)


Appearantly the year of an event is included in intervals after the event, but not in those prior. How do we handle it? Troy0 (talk) 03:46, 2 June 2016 (UTC)

Flaws

Going on the path neither - no ottoman empire - no soviet union - no north korea - jan mayen is norwegian I will get results that all belong to a time were the soviet union existed. Am I doing it wrong?--162.158.92.175 08:01, 2 June 2016 (UTC)

This path implies a time interval between November 1 and December 28, 1922, so it is unclear why it is linked to the Istanbul Division, which is 1928 or later.--Troy0 (talk) 08:28, 2 June 2016 (UTC)


Did it work on your map?
Worked

I just tried this out on an old Danish world atlas (Lademann Verdensatlas with most English names also included). And although I could not determine the capital of Micronesia, I found out that it was still called Upper Volta not Burkino faso and thus the map should be from 1982-1984. First then did I check the release date for this map and true enough it was from 1982! Cool. --Kynde (talk) 08:41, 2 June 2016 (UTc)

it can guess modern maps

Didn't work

A map [4] in the New York Public library, dated 1840, is given a date of 1818-1830. Notably this map has Texas as part of Mexico (though mentioned as in captials indicating a district within Mexico. It is also missing independent Paraguay, Ecuador and Venezuela. Zeimusu (talk) 10:04, 3 June 2016 (UTC)


Apparently most Mars maps were made in 1922-1932. No Istanbul/Constantinople, no Ottoman Empire, Soviet Union exists (e.g. Mars 3 and Mars 6), no Saudi Arabia... --173.245.52.62 11:18, 2 June 2016 (UTC)

I have been evaluating world globes (subset of maps of course) for several years, and find this quite amusing. A note of interest: Apparently Randall knows that maps often do include copyright or other dates, while globes with very few exceptions do not include a date. There are other guides to finding the date of presentation of a globe of course, which may or may not pin the date down more precisely. Pault151 (talk) 05:38, 3 June 2016 (UTC)


Hugo Giraudel made a command line version of this: https://github.com/HugoGiraudel/map-dater (full disclosure: I helped) Haroenv (talk) 16:24, 13 June 2016 (UTC)


Starting at the Istanbul Division, the Question Date Range no longer fits the definition at the top of the table, and now includes the effects of the Prior Date Range. 172.68.46.5 07:03, 20 March 2017 (UTC)

I tried to apply this to a map of Pangaea and ended up being taken to the "you made this yourself" part... 162.158.78.106 09:49, 27 August 2017 (UTC)

It's very nice.162.158.58.249 12:22, 25 October 2017 (UTC)

How come Istanbul can both exist and not exist on a map of the same date. They can both lead to Zare/Zaire. Netherin5 (talk) 18:04, 12 February 2019 (UTC)

Munroe writes: "(Assuming it's complete, labeled in English, and detailed enough)" which is unfortunately not enough of an assumption. Some publishers are notorious for updating slowly. Like looking at the light that left a galaxy several years ago, you may be looking at a map that reflects reality the last time the publisher really updated it (and did not just slap a new date on it). Also, there's Constantinople. Which still shows up on maps of Greece, published in English, in Greek. In fact, the list of facts that map-makers deny or have denied for political reasons is huge. It's why this game (which I used to play when I was a kid - 2 Pakistans and the name of the Congo were major indicators) can be frustrating. And no, we did not use UAR, since different mapmakers handled it differently. Hey, I found this one with Smyrna: https://www.greektravel.com/maps/greece.html Can someone find one with Constantinople? Oh, oh, and I used to be a cartographer. It doesn't make me right, but I like saying it. Jd2718 (talk) 23:41, 21 December 2020 (UTC)

The alert box at the top of every page needs to be changed, as this explanation is no longer incomplete.

Agreed. maybe change it to 1975: Right Click? 172.69.62.62 17:21, 7 August 2021 (UTC)Bumpf

Um... o-oh dear. We should probably start keeping an eye out for those spiders... LendriMujina (talk) 19:53, 28 January 2022 (UTC)

Can Colorado hurry up and have a nuclear meltdown? It's 2022. Beanie talk 23:16, 24 February 2022 (UTC)

Regarding "A map that does not include either the HRE or the USA must be older than the HRE, which would put the map sometime prior to 1000 AD, when there really were no countries, and English wasn't used yet, hence Randall's comment". " I could be wrong, but my interperation of this was that a map that isn't in English wouldn't list the HRE or USA under those names, regardless of when it was made. Like, I'm imagining someone going through the flowchart thinking "Nope, I'm seeing something called the Sacrum Imperium Romanum, but no Holy Roman Empire." 162.158.74.3 13:00, 27 January 2023 (UTC)

Hey guys the spiders never showed up :( 162.158.91.13 20:36, 22 January 2024 (UTC)

I know right. Massive shame. Maybe they're just waiting... Biding their time. OmniDoom (talk) 23:51, 5 March 2024 (UTC)