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| − | {{comic
| + | This page is currently unavailable due to the D-Cells destroying it. |
| − | | number = 2749
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| − | | date = March 13, 2023
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| − | | title = Lymphocytes
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| − | | image = lymphocytes_2x.png
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| − | | imagesize = 651x733px
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| − | | noexpand = true
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| − | | titletext = It's very hard to detect, but recent studies have determined that when plasma B cells are producing antibodies, they go 'pew pew pew'
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| − | }}
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| − | ==Explanation==
| + | Do you like Continental Deshevunkth? |
| − | {{incomplete|Created by the WORLD'S SECOND COOLEST IMMUNOLOGIST - Table is cool, but some entries miss mention or explanation of the text in the comic, when it may have relation to the real life cell etc. (Perhaps ensure each description covers the real description for the name and then the explanation for the rogue text. Except for the D Cell, obviously, where it is both at once.) Do NOT delete this tag too soon.}}
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| − | The human body contains many different types of immune cells. This comic is a list of {{w|lymphocyte}}s, a specific type of immune cell that is found in lymph. As the comic goes on, in the style of many "informative" xkcd comics, the descriptions of the names of the cells get more and more removed from reality. Though many of the cells are real, only two descriptions are accurate, those for the plasma B cell and that of the out of context D cell. The diagrams are either uninformingly similar to each other, as an extremely generic diagram of a biological cell, or made to look somewhat like the item spoofed by the description.
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| − | The title text is possibly a reference to this recent study: https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acsnano.3c00638
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| − | {| class="wikitable"
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| − | ! Name !! Real Lymphocyte? !! Randall's description !! Comment
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| − | | Plasma B cells || Yes || Churn out antibodies || {{w|Plasma B cell}}; churns out antibodies as the comic says.
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| − | | Naïve B cells || Yes || Try to stop pathogens by asking nicely || {{w|B cell}}s that have not yet been exposed to an antigen. Can only "ask nicely" for pathogens to stop because they cannot yet contribute to the immune system.
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| − | | {{w|Memory B cell}}s || Yes || Very quietly sing {{w|Memory_(Cats_song)|"Memory" from ''Cats''}} at all times || Long-lived B cells that "remember" an antigen they have previously encountered, allowing them to quickly respond to a reappearance of the same antigen. "Memory" is one of the most famous songs from the 1981 Andrew Lloyd Webber ''{{w|Cats (musical)|Cats}}'' musical.
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| − | | {{w|Regulatory B cell}}s || Yes || Required by local ordinance || Suppress certain immune responses, or in other words, regulates the immune response, which is their actual namesake, as opposed to the made-up namesake of only being in the body because some regulation requires it. Though cells do follow instructions from DNA, which might be considered to be local ordinances.
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| − | | CD8+ T cells || Yes || Melee combat || {{w|Cytotoxic T cell}}, responsible for killing cells which are cancerous or infected. Named after the surface protein "CD8" ("Cluster of Differentiation") it uses when searching for targets. Possibly also reference to the tabletop gaming terminology where "d8" means 8-sided dice, "d4" means 4-sided dice, etc. Most gaming systems only use d8s for weapon damage, where d8s are one of the most common, used for weapons like rapiers, longswords, and longbows, or spells like Chill Touch or Ray of Frost.
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| − | | CD4+ T cells || Yes || Scream at other cells || {{w|T helper cell}}, releasing cytokines as a signal that prompts the immune system into action, thus "screaming" at other cells. Named after the surface protein "CD4" (see above), that is used for binding to other cells while "screaming".
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| − | | {{w|Gamma delta T cell|Gamma-Delta T cell}}s || Yes || Unknown / classified || T cells found largely in mucous membranes of the gut, with different T-cell receptors than normal. Effectively the immune system's first line of defense.
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| − | | CDRW+ T cells || No || Rewritable, 700MB || Here, the meaning of "CD" is switched from {{w|Cluster of Differentiation}} to {{w|Compact Disc}}, as in the {{w|CD-RW}} re-writable media format. 700 megabytes is a common size format for CDs.
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| − | | DVD+R T cells || No || Different from DVD-R, though no one is sure how || {{w|DVD+R}} is a DVD format designed by {{w|HP Labs}}, while DVD-R (pronounced "dash R") came originally from {{w|Pioneer Corporation}} and was the earlier accepted system. The two formats are not trivially compatible, but many (re)writing DVD drives were made multiformat to automatically handle both of these, {{w|DVD-RAM}}, read/write versions and CD-density media, as necessary, under the general label of "DVD±RW". The user then ends up not usually needing, or bothering, to know the technical differences.
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| − | | {{w|Natural killer cell}}s || Yes || Named by the world's coolest immunologist || Kills cells infected by intracellular pathogens and other malfunctioning (e.g. cancerous) cells, similar to CD8+ cells but part of the {{w|innate immune system}}. Randall likes the name of these cells more than the next item, making Rolf Kiessling and Hugh Pross "the world's coolest immunologist(s)."
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| − | | ILC1, ILC2, and ILC3 cells || Yes || Named by a significantly less cool immunologist || {{w|Innate lymphoid cell}}s, regulating the innate immune system through signaling molecules. Named in [[https://www.nature.com/articles/nri3365 this paper in Nature]] by Hergen Spits, David Artis, Marco Colonna, Andreas Diefenbach, James P. Di Santo, Gerard Eberl, Shigeo Koyasu, Richard M. Locksley, Andrew N. J. McKenzie, Reina E. Mebius, Fiona Powrie and Eric Vivier, making them collectively much less cool than Kiessling and Pross above.
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| − | | D cells || No || Larger than C and AA cells, used in old flashlights || This is not a blood cell, but a {{w|D battery|"D cell" battery}}. Confusingly, biological cells called "D cells" or {{w|delta cell}}s do exist, but they are not lymphocytes.
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| − | |}
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| − | ==Transcript==
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| − | {{incomplete transcript|Do NOT delete this tag too soon.}}
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| − | | |
| − | [A 4 by 3 grid, each containing (from top to bottom) the name of the lymphocyte, a depiction of the cell and a description]
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| − | {| class="wikitable"
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| − | ! Panel !! Title !! Shape !! Description
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| − | |1 || Plasma B cells || Egg-like shaped cell with the nucleus right from the middle || Churn out antibodies
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| − | |2 || Naïve B cells || Almost circular cell with the nucleus in the middle || Try to stop pathogens by asking nicely
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| − | |3 || Memory B cells || Like panel 2, but with some music notes next to it, as if it produces sound || Very quietly sing "memory" from Cats at all times
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| − | |4 || Regulatory B cells || Like panel 2 || Required by local ordinance
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| − | |5 || CD8+ T cells || Also oblong, but with the nucleus left from the middle || Melee combat
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| − | |6 || CD4+ T cells || Circular, with a large nucleus, saying ‘AAAAAAAAA!’ || Scream at other cells
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| − | |7 || Gamma-Delta T cells || Dashed circle with a question mark in the middle || Unknown / classified
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| − | |8 || CDRW+ T cells || Shaped like a CD, with a large hole in the middle || Rewritable, 700MB
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| − | |9 || DVD+R T cells || Shaped like a DVD, with a bit smaller hole in the middle || Different from DVD-R, though no one is sure how
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| − | |10 || Natural killer cells || Irregularly shaped oblong cell with nucleus in the middle || Named by the world's coolest immunologist
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| − | |11 || ILC1, ILC2, and ILC3 cells || Three cells || Named by a significantly less cool immunologist
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| − | |12 || D cells || Cylindrical shaped ‘cell’, with a smaller cylindrical ‘nucleus’ inside it at the right, roughly shaped like a D battery || Larger than C and AA cells, used in old flashlights
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| − | |}
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| − | {{comic discussion}}
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| − | [[Category:Biology]]
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| − | [[Category:Science]]
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