Editing 2649: Physics Cost-Saving Tips
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==Explanation== | ==Explanation== | ||
− | + | {{incomplete|Created by a FAUX VECTOR - Please change this comment when editing this page. Do NOT delete this tag too soon.}} | |
− | + | This comic is another one of [[Randall|Randall's]] [[:Category:Tips|Tips]], this time to reduce costs or provide something for free for physicists to save money on their research. None of these would provide any real advantages even when possible to implement. It continues the previous [[2648: Chemicals]] comic's jocular theme of tricks to supposedly save money based on misinterpretations of science. Obtaining money from physics experiments was also described in [[2007: Brookhaven RHIC]]. | |
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{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
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|Try replacing regular vectors with pseudovectors whenever possible | |Try replacing regular vectors with pseudovectors whenever possible | ||
− | |[[File:Torque animation.gif|frame|right|Relationship of pseudovectors {{w|torque}} ('''τ''') and {{w|angular momentum}} ('''L''') to "regular" | + | |[[File:Torque animation.gif|frame|right|Relationship of pseudovectors {{w|torque}} ('''τ''') and {{w|angular momentum}} ('''L''') to "regular" Euclidian vectors {{w|Position (vector)|position}} ('''r'''), {{w|force}} ('''F'''), and linear {{w|momentum}} ('''p''') in an oscillatory rotating system. Not shown is the {{w|centripetal force}} of the spoke's {{w|Tension (physics)|tension}}, a Euclidian vector towards the axle proportional to linear momentum, converting it to angular momentum.]] |
− | The prefix "pseudo-" refers to an inauthentic variation of something. Fakes are usually cheaper than their original brand-name product, while often working just as well, so the comic implies a {{w|pseudovector}} could be a less expensive substitute for a regular vector. On the contrary, pseudovectors, or axial vectors, are distinct from regular {{w|Euclidean vector}}s, | + | The prefix "pseudo-" refers to an inauthentic variation of something. Fakes are usually cheaper than their original brand-name product, while often working just as well, so the comic implies a {{w|pseudovector}} could be a less expensive substitute for a regular vector. On the contrary, pseudovectors, or axial vectors, are distinct from regular {{w|Euclidean vector}}s, the former usually being involved with rotation or physical effects that share properties with rotation, similar to the relationship between angles and lengths. Pseudovectors are formed from the {{w|cross product}}s of Euclidean vectors, in three dimensions, and while similar to Euclidean vectors, there is no physical meaning to their specific direction, only their magnitude and portions of their position. For example, {{w|angular momentum}} is described by a pseudovector, labeled '''L''' in the comic, {{w|Normal (geometry)|normal}} to the {{w|plane of rotation}}, originating from the center of rotation, with magnitude equal to the angular velocity of rotation '''ω''' multiplied by the {{w|moment of inertia}} '''I'''. (The comic's diagram is drawn according to very uncommon {{w|Right-hand rule#Coordinates|left-handed coordinates}} instead of the standard {{w|right-hand rule}}. Randall is right-handed.[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j1tcyEo2tQk&t=28s]) |
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|A square wave can be broken down into an infinite supply of valuable sine waves | |A square wave can be broken down into an infinite supply of valuable sine waves | ||
− | |{{w|Fourier analysis}} can decompose any periodic function into a series of {{w|sine wave}}s. A {{w|square wave}} | + | |{{w|Fourier analysis}} can decompose any periodic function into a series of {{w|sine wave}}s. A {{w|square wave}} can thereby be represented as the sum of an infinite series of sine waves. However, the sine waves are not removed or separated individually, so such a {{w|Fourier transform}} does not produce a "supply" of sine waves for practical use in any tasks other than analysis, and as abstract mathematical objects exempt from the laws of supply and demand, their value is similarly limited. |
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|Cut waste by buying lighter isotopes that don't have any dead-weight neutrons | |Cut waste by buying lighter isotopes that don't have any dead-weight neutrons | ||
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|Conductors are a great source of free electrons (may carry charges) | |Conductors are a great source of free electrons (may carry charges) | ||
− | |{{w|Charge carrier|Free}} {{w|electron}}s are electrons that are not tightly bound to specific atoms so | + | |{{w|Charge carrier|Free}} {{w|electron}}s are electrons that are not tightly bound to specific atoms so they can move freely, such as in {{w|conduction band}}s of the {{w|metallic bond}}s throughout the iron ingot depicted in the comic. Randall interprets "free" in a different sense, meaning no cost. The charges free electrons carry are electric, not monetary as implied by the pun. |
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+ | In the title text, Randall claims to have been banned from the county fair for handing out helium-2 balloons because of the instant massive explosions caused by its radioactive decay. He jokes they violated a local ordinance. Helium balloons are often given out at county fairs and similar events, but they are filled with helium-4 and therefore inert. A balloon filled with helium-2 is a practical impossibility because of its nanosecond half-life. Assuming a 12-inch diameter balloon at 1 atmosphere of pressure, the balloon-bomb would have a yield of roughly 17 {{w|TNT equivalent|tons of TNT equivalent}}. | ||
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+ | {{cot|[[User:SqueakSquawk4|Calculations]]}} | ||
+ | {{User:SqueakSquawk4}} <!-- want to subst: this if it's okay with SqueakSquawk4 --> | ||
+ | {{cob}} | ||
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+ | The smallest nuclear bomb, the {{w|W54}}, had a yield of between 10 and 1,000 tons of TNT. The largest conventional bomb, the {{w|GBU-43/B MOAB}}, has a yield of roughly 11 tons. The {{w|2020 Beirut explosion}} was roughly equivalent to 300-1200 tons. So, while the helium-2 balloon bomb would be larger than all conventional bombs, it would still be smaller than most nukes. Handing out what are effectively small atomic bombs at a county fair would not go down well with any surviving local authorities, so merely being banned is a very mild punishment. Criminal charges such as mass murder and terrorism would be more likely if it weren't for the absurd impossibility of the scenario. | ||
==Transcript== | ==Transcript== | ||
− | + | {{incomplete transcript|Do NOT delete this tag too soon.}} | |
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− | :[ | + | :[Title] |
− | : | + | :Physics Cost-Saving Tips |
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− | :[ | + | :[A diagramatical spinning disc, at an angle] |
+ | :[It is identified with an 'I', with a dotted axial arrow labelled 'L' and a rotational movement labelled 'ω' (small omega)] | ||
+ | :[It sits on the left, and to the right of this is text...] | ||
:Try replacing regular vectors with pseudovectors whenever possible | :Try replacing regular vectors with pseudovectors whenever possible | ||
− | :[ | + | :[A square wave with three maxima (between four minima), and arrows pointing down into a collection of five sine waves of different wavelengths] |
− | + | :[One of the waves having the same frequency as the square wave and the rest of them are of shorter lengths with more peaks and troughs] | |
− | :[ | + | :[It sits on the right, and to the left of this is text...] |
:A square wave can be broken down into an infinite supply of valuable sine waves | :A square wave can be broken down into an infinite supply of valuable sine waves | ||
− | :[ | + | :[Two atomic models] |
− | + | :[The left containing two protons (white with a "+" sign), two neutrons (black) and orbited by two electrons (small outlines, dotted orbits/movement lines), labelled below with the text of superscript atomic weight and element symbol] | |
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:<sup>4</sup>He | :<sup>4</sup>He | ||
+ | :[The right model has just the two protons and the two electrons, labelled below with the text of an atomic weight and elemental symbol, and some subtext within brackets] | ||
:<sup>2</sup>He | :<sup>2</sup>He | ||
− | : | + | :(Decays fast - use quickly) |
− | + | :[Both models sit on the left of the comic, and to the right is text...] | |
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:Cut waste by buying lighter isotopes that don't have any dead-weight neutrons | :Cut waste by buying lighter isotopes that don't have any dead-weight neutrons | ||
− | :[ | + | :[A flat rectangular bar, drawn in perspective with a scattering of dots/small circles on the top face and on the forward-facing one the label] |
− | : | + | :Iron |
− | + | :[An arrow points to the dots, from the text...] | |
− | :[ | + | :Free electrons |
− | + | :[It sits to the right, and there is text to the left...] | |
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:Conductors are a great source of free electrons | :Conductors are a great source of free electrons | ||
:(May carry charges) | :(May carry charges) |